A term used to refer to a group of small and medium-sized nations that are geographically close to a powerful nation and have almost the same political system as that nation, and that form a camp around that powerful nation while being dominated or strongly influenced by that powerful nation. Although legally they are fully sovereign nations, the term is usually used by the opposing camp as a derogatory or critical expression. Before World War II, Germany and Italy (the Berlin-Rome Axis) were at the center of the anti-communist fascist camp, with Romania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Croatia, and other countries. The British and Americans in the anti-fascist camp called them Axis satellite states. After the war, the communist bloc formed under the Soviet leadership, including the people's democracies of Eastern Europe, the German Democratic Republic, and the Mongolian People's Republic in East Asia, were called Soviet satellite states by Western countries. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
一つの強国に地理的に近接し,これとほぼ同一の政治体制を有する中小国家群が,その強国の支配または強い影響力を受けつつ,それを中心として同一陣営を形成する場合,これらの中小国家をさして用いられる名称。法的には完全な主権国家であるが,通常,反対陣営から侮蔑あるいは非難の意味をこめて使用される。第2次世界大戦前では,ドイツとイタリア (ベルリン=ローマ枢軸) を中心にして,ルーマニア,スロバキア,ブルガリア,クロアチアなどの諸国が反共的ファシズム陣営を形成,反ファシズム陣営のイギリス,アメリカ側から,枢軸衛星国と呼ばれた。戦後は,ソ連の主導下に形成された共産圏における東ヨーロッパの人民民主主義諸国,ドイツ民主共和国,東アジアのモンゴル人民共和国などが,西側諸国からソ連の衛星国と呼ばれた。
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