Pommel horse

Japanese: あん馬 - あんば(英語表記)pommel horse
Pommel horse

One of the men's apparatus events in artistic gymnastics (pommel horse exercise). Also the name of the apparatus. The pommel horse is an apparatus that imitates a horse's saddle, and is equipped with two pommels (handles), and consists of a horse body, pommels, and legs that are 160 cm long and 35 cm wide. It is 115 cm high from the floor, and the mat used is 10 cm thick.

The performance is a series of movements that, without stopping along the way, involves using three parts of the horse's body (the left and right ends and the saddle in the center) to rotate both legs with the legs either closed or spread apart, combining leg crossing and vibration (swaying the body).

The pommel horse is said to have been used as a basic exercise in equestrianism for military training in ancient Greece and Rome, and is the oldest of all gymnastic events. It was originally performed as a jumping exercise, but gradually the focus shifted to developing bodily control on horseback, and it developed into a gymnastic event, with riders gripping the pommel on the saddle and performing movements such as single or double leg movements, body changes of direction, and lateral movements. In modern times, the technique has advanced further, requiring a combination of highly difficult techniques and a high level of stability. It became an Olympic event (individual events) at the first Athens Olympic Games in 1896.

[Yasuhiro Miwa and Yoichi Goto February 17, 2020]

[Reference] | Gymnastics
Pommel horse (for competitions)
Note: * indicates height from floor surface. Mat thickness is 10cm .

Pommel horse (for competitions)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

体操競技における男子器械種目の一つ(あん馬運動)。また、その器械名。あん馬は馬の鞍(くら)を模した器械のことをいい、二つのポメルpommel(把手(はしゅ/とって))を備え、長さ160センチメートル、幅35センチメートルの馬体、ポメル、脚部からなる。床面からの高さは115センチメートルで、使用するマットの厚さは10センチメートルである。

 演技は、一連の動作の流れのなかで、途中で静止することなく馬体の3部分(左右の馬端および中央の鞍(あん)部)を使用して閉脚もしくは開脚での両脚旋回を中心に脚の交差、振動(体を振る)などを組み合わせて行う。

 あん馬は古代ギリシアあるいは古代ローマ時代に軍事訓練を目的とした馬術の基礎運動として行われていたとされ、体操競技の種目のなかでもっとも歴史が古い。初めはとび越し運動として行われたが、しだいに馬上における身体支配能力を養うことに主眼がおかれ、鞍部のポメルを握って片脚や両脚の動作、体の方向転換、横移動などの運動が行われるようになり、体操競技として発展してきた。現代では、さらにその技術が進歩し、難度の高い技の組合せと高度な安定性が求められている。1896年の第1回オリンピック・アテネ大会よりオリンピック種目(種目別)となった。

[三輪康廣・後藤洋一 2020年2月17日]

[参照項目] | 体操競技
あん馬(競技用)
注:*は床面からの高さ。マット厚は10cm©Shogakukan">

あん馬(競技用)


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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