Senusert III

Japanese: センウセルト[3世]（英語表記）Senusert III

The fifth king of the 12th Dynasty of ancient Egypt. Reigned from 1878 BC to 1840 BC. He carried out administrative reforms and succeeded in neutralizing the hereditary nobles in the regions, and finally achieved the establishment of a centralized state with the king at the apex, which had been his goal since the foundation of the 12th Dynasty. Behind this were the reclamation of the Faiyum promoted by successive pharaohs, the training of loyal bureaucrats by promoting the children of the common people, and successful military expeditions. Through four personal campaigns against Nubia, he conquered as far as Semna, south of the second cataract of the Nile, and secured the border with a group of eight fortresses on the riverside. He also attempted a small-scale military expedition to southern Palestine for the first time in ancient Egyptian history to secure a caravan route.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

古代エジプト第12王朝5代目の王。在位，前1878年ころ‐前1840年ころ。行政改革を断行して地方の世襲大貴族の無力化に成功し，第12王朝創建以来の目標であった王を頂点とする中央集権国家の確立を最終的に達成した。その背景には歴代ファラオの推進したファイユームの干拓と，〈庶民〉の子弟の登用による忠実な官僚の養成の成果に加えて，軍事遠征の成功がある。4回のヌビア親征によってナイル川第2急湍（きゆうたん）南のセムナまで征服し，河畔に設置した八つの要塞群により国境を固め，さらに隊商路確保のため小規模ながら古代エジプト史上初めて南パレスティナに軍事遠征を試みた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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