The capital of the Republic of Slovenia. German name Laibach, Italian name Lybiana. Population 264,269 (2002 census preliminary figure). The Ljubljanica River flows through the city. The ancient city is decorated with Baroque-style buildings such as the Three-legged Bridge over the river, the old castle built on a hill after a major earthquake in the 16th century, the Church of the Annunciation facing the statue of the poet Saint Preisel, the Town Hall standing near the fountain made by Robba, and the Church of the Holy Trinity. Other eye-catching sights include the University of Ljubljana (founded in 1919), the Academy of Science and Technology, the opera house, the museum, and the cultural center "Cancarev Dom." Industries such as machinery, electrical and chemical, pharmaceuticals, and food have developed, and the city is literally the center of politics, economy, and culture. There are also sports facilities and the beautiful Tivoli Gardens promenade, and an international airport on the outskirts. [Tamura Ritsu] historyDuring the Roman period, it was a garrison town called Emona, and was a midpoint between the Alps, the Pannonian plain, and the Adriatic Sea. It was destroyed by the Ostrogoths in the 5th century and rebuilt by the Slavs. Its Slavic name Ljubljana and its German name Laibach appear in documents in the 12th century. It came under the control of the Habsburgs in 1335, and after it was connected to Vienna by rail in 1849, it developed rapidly, and in 1918 it was incorporated into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later the Kingdom of Yugoslavia). It has been the capital of Slovenia ever since, both when Slovenia was part of the former Yugoslavia and after Slovenia gained independence from the former Yugoslavia in 1991. [Tamura Ritsu] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
スロベニア共和国の首都。ドイツ語名ライバッハLaibach、イタリア語名リビアナLybiana。人口26万4269(2002国勢調査速報値)。リュブリャニッツァ川が市中を流下する。そこに架かる三肢橋や、16世紀の大地震後、丘陵上に建てられた古城、詩聖プレーシェルン像に対面する聖告教会、ロッバ作の噴泉近くに立つ市庁舎、聖三位一体教会などバロック様式の建造物が古都をいろどっている。リュブリャナ大学(1919創立)、科学技術アカデミー、オペラ劇場、博物館、文化の大殿堂「ツァンカレウ・ドム」などが人目をひく。機械、電気・化学、薬品・食品などの諸工業が発展し、文字どおり政治、経済、文化の中心地である。スポーツ施設や遊歩道の美しいチボリ公園、郊外には国際空港もある。 [田村 律] 歴史ローマ時代は駐屯地でエモナEmonaといわれ、アルプス、パンノニア平原、アドリア海を結ぶ中間点であった。5世紀に東ゴート人に破壊され、スラブ人によって再建された。スラブ語名リュブリャナ、12世紀にドイツ語名ライバッハが文献にみえる。1335年ハプスブルク家の支配下に入り、1849年ウィーンと鉄道で結ばれてから急速に発展、1918年セルビア人・クロアチア人・スロベニア人王国(後のユーゴスラビア王国)に編入された。以後、スロベニアが旧ユーゴスラビアを構成していた時代も、1991年に旧ユーゴスラビアからスロベニアが独立した後も、スロベニアの首都となっている。 [田村 律] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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