Liuzhou

Japanese: 柳州 - りゅうしゅう
Liuzhou

A prefecture-level city in the central Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. It governs five city districts, three counties, and two autonomous counties (as of 2016). It has a population of 3.779 million (2014). It is located on the north bank of the Liujiang River, a tributary of the Pearl River system, at the junction of three railways: the Xianggui Line (Hengyang-Pingxiang), the Qiangui Line (Guiyang-Liuzhou), and the Jiaozi Line (Jiaozuo-Liuzhou). It is also served by the Liunan Intercity Railway (Liuzhou-Nanning) and the Xianggui High-Speed ​​Railway (Hengyang-Nanning), and near the city is Liuzhou Bailian Airport, which opened in 1995. Not only is it a key location for land and water transportation within the autonomous region, it is also the number one industrial city in the autonomous region, accounting for one-fifth of the region's industrial production (2015). In particular, the production value of automobiles, steel, and machinery reached 331.3 billion yuan (approximately 6 trillion yen) (2015). A wide variety of other industries are also developed, including metallurgy, chemicals, cement, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and food. The cedar wood produced in the area, known as willow cedar, accounts for half of the timber production in the autonomous region. It is also a distribution center for citrus fruits, tung oil, tea oil (camellia oil), and leather.

From the Han dynasty to the Tang dynasty, the scholar Liu Zongyuan was appointed governor and wrote many poems about the scenery of Liuzhou in the four years before his death. Within the city, Liuhou Park, centered around the Liuhou Shrine, is a place of relaxation for the citizens.

[Aoki Chieko, Kono Michihiro, Editorial Department, August 21, 2017]

[Reference items] | Guangxi (Zhuang Autonomous Region) | Liujiang | Liu Zongyuan

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中国南部、広西チワン族自治区中部の地級市。5市轄区、3県、2自治県を管轄する(2016年時点)。人口377万9000(2014)。珠江(しゅこう)水系支流の柳江北岸、湘桂(しょうけい)線(衡陽(こうよう)―憑祥(ひょうしょう))、黔桂(けんけい)線(貴陽(きよう)―柳州)、焦柳線(焦作(しょうさく)―柳州)の3鉄道の分岐点に位置する。柳南(りゅうなん)城際鉄道(柳州―南寧(なんねい))、湘桂高速鉄道(衡陽―南寧)も通じ、市街近郊には1995年開港の柳州白蓮空港がある。自治区内の水陸交通の要地であるばかりでなく、自治区内第一の工業都市で、自治区の工業生産額の5分の1を占める(2015)。なかでも自動車、鉄鋼、機械の生産額は3313億元(約6兆円)に達する(2015)。このほかにも、冶金、化学、セメント、繊維、医薬品、食品など多種の工業が発達している。また付近で生産される柳杉とよばれる杉材は、自治区木材生産の2分の1を占める。ほかに柑橘(かんきつ)類、桐油(きりゆ)、茶油(椿油(つばきあぶら))、皮革などの集散地でもある。

 漢代から開け、唐代には文人柳宗元(りゅうそうげん)が刺史として赴任し、死を迎えるまでの4年間に柳州の風光を多くの詩文に表した。市内には、柳侯祠(し)を中心とした柳侯公園があり市民の憩いの場となっている。

[青木千枝子・河野通博・編集部 2017年8月21日]

[参照項目] | 広西(チワン族自治区) | 柳江 | 柳宗元

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