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A Chinese literary figure from the Western Jin Dynasty. His courtesy name was Shiheng. He was born in Huating, Wu County (Songjiang County, Jiangsu Province). He was born into a distinguished family, with his grandfather becoming a prime minister and his father becoming Grand Marshal. His younger brother Lu Yun (262-303) was also a talented writer, and together they were known as the "Second Lu." It is noteworthy that poets from Wu, who had been silent up until that time, were emerging. When he was 20 years old, his native Wu was destroyed, so he lived in seclusion in his hometown for about 10 years, and then went to Luoyang with his younger brother, where he was recognized by the elder of the literary world, Zhang Hua, who recommended him to become a government official and promoted to the position of Internal History of Pingyuan. During the time of the "Rebellion of the Eight Kings," he served Chengdu King Sima Ying and led a large army in a battle against Changsha King Sima Yi, where he suffered a major defeat and was killed along with his brother after being slandered. He was a genius writer, described by Zhang Hua as possessing too much poetic talent, and also had a talent for governing the world, displaying his insight in "Discourse on the Fall of Man" and "Discourse on the Five Ranks of Lords." His "Wen Fu" is a noteworthy literary treatise that describes the ideals of the work. His poems use couplets and are rich in rhetoric, making him a pioneer of Qi and Liang literature. He composed the "Lu Ji Ji" in 10 volumes. His biography can be found in "Book of Jin" 54.

[Koichi Obi January 19, 2016]

``Selected Chinese Poetry 10: Pan Yue and Lu Ji'' by Hiroshi Kozen (1973, Chikuma Shobo)'' ▽ ``An Index of Lu Ji Poetry'' by Akimasa Goto (1976, Shundo Publishing) ▽ ``Study of Western Jin Literature - Focusing on Lu Ji'' by Toshiyuki Sato (1995, Hakuteisha)''

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、西晋(せいしん)の文人。字(あざな)は士衡(しこう)。呉郡華亭(ごぐんかてい)（江蘇(こうそ)省松江県）の出身。祖父は宰相、父は大司馬(だいしば)になった名門の生まれ。弟の陸雲(りくうん)（262―303）も文才があり、ともに「二陸」といわれた。その時代まで沈黙していた呉出身の詩人が台頭してきたことは注目すべきである。20歳のとき、祖国呉が滅びたので、故郷に隠栖(いんせい)することおよそ10年、のち弟とともに洛陽(らくよう)に出て、文壇の長老張華(ちょうか)に認められ、その推薦で官吏となり、累進して平原内史となった。「八王の乱」の世相のなかで、成都王司馬穎(しばえい)に仕え、大軍を統率して長沙(ちょうさ)王司馬乂(しばがい)と戦って大敗し、讒言(ざんげん)にあって弟とともに殺された。張華に、詩才がありすぎると評されるほどの天才的作家であり、経世の才もあって『弁亡(べんぼう)論』『五等諸侯論』にその見識を示している。「文賦(ぶんのふ)」は、作品の理想を述べた文学論で注目すべきもの。その詩は対句を用い修辞に富み、斉梁(せいりょう)文学の先駆けとなっている。『陸機集』10巻があった。『晋書』54に伝がある。

［小尾郊一　2016年1月19日］

『興膳宏著『中国詩文選10　潘岳・陸機』（1973・筑摩書房）』▽『後藤秋正著『陸機詩索引』（1976・松雲堂出版）』▽『佐藤利行著『西晋文学研究――陸機を中心として』（1995・白帝社）』

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