In the ocean, the method of estimating ocean currents from their distribution by measuring temperature and salinity is called dynamic calculation. Dynamic calculations can also estimate the rise and fall of the sea surface, and the sea level thus determined is called dynamic sea level. Geostrophic equilibrium is nearly established for large-scale movements in the ocean (approximately 30 km or greater). Geostrophic equilibrium is a movement in which the Coriolis force due to the rotation of the Earth and the force due to the gradient of water pressure are balanced, and is expressed as follows: Here, z is the coordinate taken vertically upward, and x and y are Cartesian coordinates taken on the geoid that coincides with the mean sea level. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
海洋において,温度と塩分を測定してその分布から海流を推定する方法を力学計算という。力学計算によって同時に海面の起伏が推算できるが,こうして求めた海面を力学的海面高度と呼ぶ。海洋中の大規模(30km程度かそれ以上)な運動に関しては地衡流平衡がほぼ成り立っている。地衡流平衡とは地球の回転によるコリオリの力と水圧の勾配による力が釣り合っている運動のことで,以下のように表される。ここでzは鉛直上向きにとった座標,x,yは平均海面と一致するジオイド上にとった直交座標である。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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