Larousse Encyclopedia - Larousse Encyclopedia

Japanese: ラルース百科事典 - らるーすひゃっかじてん
Larousse Encyclopedia - Larousse Encyclopedia

France's leading encyclopedia. Published by Librairie Larousse. Its founder, Larousse, published the French Dictionary (Dictionnaire de la langue française) in 1850, which was well received, so in 1852 he co-founded a publishing house with a friend and published works that added innovative ideas to national language textbooks and grammar books, which were well received. Based on this, he attempted to popularize encyclopedias from the perspective of national education, and published the Grand dictionnaire universel du XIX e siècle (Grand dictionnaire universel du XIX e siècle ), a 15-volume set (1866-1876, with two supplementary volumes in 1878 and 1888), which was based on a small-item approach and featured many illustrations. He died one year before the work was completed, but his successors carried on his will and built the foundation for its current development.

The most representative Larousse Encyclopedias are the two new revised editions published after the Second World War: the Grand Larousse Encyclopédique and the Grande Encyclopédie . The former consists of 10 volumes (1960-1964) and two supplementary volumes (1969, 1975), and is based on a small-item approach, contains 165,000 entries, makes extensive use of illustrations, photographs, maps, etc., and is characterized by its easy-to-understand descriptions.

The latter, on the other hand, consists of 20 volumes (1971-1976), an index (1978), and a supplement (1981), and aims to provide a comprehensive and evaluative understanding of knowledge. It is organized into major categories, with over 8,000 entries, and also lists important matters related to each category, with systematic explanations, illustrations, maps, timelines, and other features that make it enjoyable to read. The authors have also recruited a wide range of collaborators, primarily researchers from the National Center for Scientific Research, in order to convey interdisciplinary knowledge and the latest academic standards. The personal names are handled in a similar way, and in addition to French figures, the German director and playwright Bertolt Brecht's entry, for example, is devoted to a seven-page introduction and critique of the person and the development of his works, as well as an analysis of the texts of the Berliner Ensemble, a theater company he founded with his wife, and a brief biographies of his collaborators.

[Mitsunaga Yayoshi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランスを代表する百科事典。ラルース出版社Librairie Larousse発行。創始者のラルースは1850年『フランス語辞典』Dictionnaire de la langue françaiseを出版し、好評であったため、1852年友人と共同で出版社を設立、国語教科書や文法書に新工夫を加えたものなどを発行して歓迎された。彼はこれをもとに国民教育的発想から百科事典の大衆化を企て、小項目主義で図版を多く採用した『19世紀世界(万有)百科事典』Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle全15巻(1866~1876、のち1878、1888に補遺2巻)を刊行した。完成1年前に彼自身は没したが、後継者がその意志を受け継いで今日の発展の基礎を築いた。

 ラルース百科事典の代表的なものは、第二次世界大戦後に出版された2種の新改訂版であろう。すなわち、『大ラルース百科事典』Grand Larousse Encyclopédiqueと『大百科事典』La Grande Encyclopédieである。前者は全10巻(1960~1964)、補遺2巻(1969、1975)で小項目主義をとり、収録項目16万5000、挿画、写真、地図などを多く用い、平易な記述を特色としている。

 一方、後者は20巻(1971~1976)、索引(1978)、補遺(1981)からなり、知識を総合・評価的に知らせることを目ざしている。大項目主義をとり、収録項目8000余であるが、さらにそれらの項目に関連する重要事項を掲げて、体系的に解説、挿画、地図、年表等も大きく、楽しいものにしている。また執筆陣も、学際的な知識と最新の学問の水準を伝えるため、国立科学研究センターの研究者を中心に、広く協力者を集めている。人名項目も同様なシステムで、フランスの人物はもとより、たとえば、ドイツの演出家、劇作家であるブレヒトBertolt Brechtの項をみると、7ページにわたり、人と作品の展開を紹介・論評するほか、関連事項として彼が妻とともにつくった劇団「ベルリーナー・アンサンブル」Berliner Ensembleのテキストの分析とその協力者の略伝などもあげている。

[彌吉光長]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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