British theoretical physicist. After serving as professor of natural philosophy at Queen's University in Ireland, he became a lecturer in mathematics at Cambridge University in 1885, and in 1903 became Lucasian professor of mathematics at the same university, succeeding Stokes. He also served as president of the Royal Society for 12 years from 1901. Since 1883, he has studied the interaction between electromagnetic fields and matter, paying attention to the work of Lorentz and Zeeman, and in 1897 formulated the Larmor precession, which relates to the motion of electrons in a magnetic field. In 1899, he derived Larmor's theorem, which generally discusses the motion of charged particle systems in a magnetic field. He also carried out mathematical analysis in the fields of kinetic theory of gases, optics, and thermodynamics, but continued to have doubts about relativity and quantum theory until the end. [Tomoko Takahashi] [References] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イギリスの理論物理学者。アイルランドのクィーンズ大学自然哲学教授を経て1885年ケンブリッジ大学の数学講師、1903年にストークスの後任として同大学ルカス講座の数学教授となった。1901年から12年間王立協会会長も務めた。1883年以来電磁場と物質との相互作用を研究、ローレンツやゼーマンらの研究に注目し、1897年磁場内の電子運動に関するラーモア歳差運動を定式化した。1899年には磁場内での荷電粒子系の運動を一般的に論じたラーモアの定理を導いた。また気体運動論や光学、熱力学分野で数理的解析も行ったが、相対論や量子論には最後まで疑問をもち続けた。 [高橋智子] [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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