Paullus, Lucius Aemilius

Japanese: パウルス（英語表記）Paullus， Lucius Aemilius

Aemilius Paulus, brother of the Roman statesman M. Lepidus. In 63 BC he denounced the conspiracy of L. Catilina, but in 59 BC he was falsely accused of plotting to murder Pompey the Elder. In 55 BC he was appointed aedile and started the rebuilding of the Basilica Aemilia, in 53 BC he was made praetor, and in 50 BC he was made consul. Although he was a consistent supporter of the tribes, he was bribed by Julius Caesar for 1,500 talents needed to build the basilica, and in 50 BC he gave him passive support, remaining neutral during the ensuing civil war. However, during the Battle of Mucina he negotiated with Sextus Pompey on behalf of the Senate, and later joined in declaring his brother Lepidus an enemy of the empire. He then went to Asia with Michael Brutus, and after the battle of Philippi in 42 B.C. was pardoned, but remained in Miletus.

Paulus
Paulus, Friedrich

Born: September 23, 1890 in Hesse-Breitenau
[Died] February 1, 1957. Dresden German army officer. He served as Chief of Operations from 1940 to 1942 during World War II, and was made commander of the 6th Army, which invaded southern Russia. When Stalingrad (now Volgograd) was surrounded by the Soviet army, Hitler awarded him the title of Field Marshal to encourage the siege, but he surrendered on January 31, 1943, having run out of strength. After being taken prisoner, he participated in anti-Nazi propaganda, and after the war, he lived in East Germany. (→Battle of Stalingrad)

Paulus
Paulus, Iulianus

A Roman jurist active in the first half of the 3rd century. He served as counselor to Emperors Septimius Severus and Caracalla, and was the Prefect of the Praetorian Guard during the reign of Emperor Alexander Severus. He was a prolific writer, leaving behind 70 works totalling about 320 volumes. His style of scholarship was characterized by an encyclopedic synthesis of the works of previous scholars.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

古代ローマの政治家 M.レピドゥスの兄。アエミリウス・パウルスとも呼ばれる。前 63年 L.カチリナの陰謀を告発したが，前 59年にはポンペイウス (大ポンペイウス) の殺害を企てたとの不当な告発を受けた。前 55年高級按察官 (アエディリス ) としてバシリカ・アエミリアの再建に着手，前 53年法務官 (プラエトル ) ，前 50年執政官 (コンスル ) となった。一貫して閥族派 (オプチマテス ) であったが，バシリカ建設に必要な 1500タレントのためユリウス・カエサルに買収され，前 50年彼に消極的な支持を与え，続く内乱の間中立を保った。しかしムチナの戦いの間，彼は元老院のためにセクスツス・ポンペイウスと折衝し，のちに弟レピドゥスを公敵と宣言することに加わった。その後 M.ブルーツスとともにアシアに行き，前 42年のフィリッピの戦い後，赦免されたが，ミレトスにとどまった。

パウルス
Paulus， Friedrich

[生]1890.9.23. ヘッセブライテナウ
[没]1957.2.1. ドレスデン
ドイツの陸軍軍人。第2次世界大戦中の 1940～42年まで作戦部長をつとめたうえ，南ロシアを攻略する第6軍司令官となった。スターリングラード (現ボルゴグラード) でソ連軍に包囲され，ヒトラーは，籠城戦を督励するため陸軍元帥の称号を授与したが，43年1月 31日に力尽きて降伏。捕虜となってから反ナチスの宣伝に加わり，戦後，東ドイツに住んだ。 (→スターリングラードの戦い ) 　