Paul Ramadier

French politician. Born in La Rochelle. Joined the Socialist Party at age 16, he has been Mayor of Decazeville since 1919. He has been a member of the National Assembly since 1928, except during the Second World War. When the Socialist Party split in 1933, he left the party to join the right wing. He joined the Popular Front movement as a member of the Republican Social Union, and served as Minister of Labor in both the Chautain and Daladier cabinets (1938). He joined the Resistance against Germany and returned to the Socialist Party, and in 1944 he became Minister of Supply in the provisional government of de Gaulle. In January 1947, he formed a coalition cabinet of Socialists, Communists, and People's Republicans as the first Prime Minister of the Fourth Republic, but he later expelled the Communist ministers who opposed the wage freeze, marking a turning point for the Fourth Republic. He continued to hold cabinet positions, and in his later years he served as Director-General of the International Labor Organization (ILO) in Geneva.

[Tetsuya Hirase]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

フランスの政治家。ラ・ロシェル生まれ。16歳で社会党に入党し、1919年以来ドゥカズビル市長。1928年以来、第二次世界大戦中を除いて下院議員。1933年の社会党の分裂に際して右派と行動をともにし離党。人民戦線運動には共和社会同盟の一員として参加し、ショータン、ダラディエ両内閣の労働相を務めた（1938）。対独レジスタンスに参加して社会党に復帰し、1944年ドゴール臨時政府の補給相。1947年1月には第四共和政下の初代首相として社会党、共産党、人民共和派の連立内閣を組織したが、やがて賃金凍結に反対した共産党閣僚を除名し、第四共和政の転機をなした。その後も閣僚を歴任し、晩年はジュネーブの国際労働機関（ILO）の事務局長を務めた。

［平瀬徹也］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例