American philosopher. Born in Berlin. Studied at the University of California and Harvard University, and later became a professor at Johns Hopkins University. Opposed neo-realism and criticized pragmatism, he wrote Against Dualism (1930). He believed that without adopting dualism as an epistemology, it would be impossible to explain why knowledge of the external world is relative. He eventually became editor of the Journal of Intellectual History, and developed his own philosophy of history by comparing and considering various currents of thought. For example, his work The Great Chain of Being (1936) is a history of ideas that, following the example of Plato's Timaeus, examines the possibility of the realization of all beings that appear in world history, attempting to integrate the history of literature, science, and philosophy. It is not without reason that he participated in the founding of the Union of American University Professors. [Keijiro Uki October 20, 2015] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカの哲学者。ベルリン生まれ。カリフォルニア大学、ハーバード大学で学び、のちジョンズ・ホプキンズ大学教授となった。新実在論に反対し、プラグマティズムを批判して『二元論への反抗』(1930)を著した。認識論として二元論を採用しなければ、外界に関する知識が相対的であることを説明できないと考えたのである。やがて『思想史ジャーナル』の編集者となり、さまざまな思潮を比較勘案して彼独自の歴史哲学を構築する。たとえば『存在の偉大な鎖(くさり)』(1936)は、プラトンの『ティマイオス』に倣い、世界史に登場するすべての存在者の実現可能性を吟味して、文学史・科学史・哲学史の総合を試みた思想史である。アメリカ大学教授連合の設立に参画したのも故なしとしない。 [鵜木奎治郎 2015年10月20日] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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