European Community - European Community

Japanese: ヨーロッパ共同体 - ヨーロッパきょうどうたい
European Community - European Community
European Communities. Abbreviated as EC. Founded in 1967 by merging the three organizations of the European Economic Community, the European Coal and Steel Community, and Euratom (European Atomic Energy Community). The initial member states were France, Italy, West Germany, and the three Benelux countries (Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg). In 1973, the UK, Denmark, and Ireland joined, forming an expanded EC. The highest decision-making body was the European Council, and it also had a court (located in Luxembourg) that decides on the interpretation and application of the Treaty of Rome, which is the basis of the Community, and a European Parliament made up of members of the member states. In January 1973, the expanded EC was established, and the EC's structure was changed accordingly, with 1. the European Council (meeting three times a year) becoming the highest decision-making body, 2. the Council of Ministers deciding on important matters, and 3. the Commission running the EC as the executive body. The number of member states increased to 12 with the addition of Greece in 1981, Spain and Portugal in 1986, but in February 1992 the Treaty on European Association (Maastricht Treaty) was signed, aiming for a wide-ranging integration of politics, defense, economy and society, and came into effect in November 1993, forming the European Union (EU). →European Monetary System→Related topics United Kingdom | Coudenhove-Kalergi | State recognition | Summit | Smithsonian system | Single European Act | Heath | Benelux Economic Union | Europe | European market integration | European Free Trade Association | Lomé Convention

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
European Communities。略称EC。ヨーロッパ経済共同体,ヨーロッパ石炭鉄鋼共同体,ユーラトム(ヨーロッパ原子力共同体)の3組織が統合し,1967年に成立。当初の構成国は仏・イタリア・西ドイツおよびベネルクス3国(ベルギー,オランダ,ルクセンブルク)の計6ヵ国。1973年英国,デンマーク,アイルランドの3国が加盟し,拡大ECとなった。最高決定機関はヨーロッパ理事会で,共同体の基本となるローマ条約の解釈・適用を決定する裁判所(所在地ルクセンブルク),および加盟国議員で構成するヨーロッパ議会が置かれた。1973年1月,拡大ECが成立し,それに伴ってECの機構が改められ,1.ヨーロッパ理事会(年3回)が最高決定機関となり,2.閣僚理事会は重要事項を決定し,3.委員会は執行機関としてECの運営に当たることとなった。加盟国数は,1981年にギリシア,1986年にスペイン,ポルトガルが加盟して12ヵ国となったが,1992年2月に政治・防衛・経済・社会の広範囲な統合をめざすヨーロッパ連合条約(マーストリヒト条約)が調印され,1993年11月に発効,ヨーロッパ連合(EU)となった。→ヨーロッパ通貨制度
→関連項目イギリス|クーデンホフ・カレルギー|国家承認|サミット|スミソニアン体制|単一ヨーロッパ議定書|ヒース|ベネルクス経済同盟|ヨーロッパ|ヨーロッパ市場統合|ヨーロッパ自由貿易連合|ロメ協定

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