Crassulacean acid metabolism

Japanese: crassulacean acid metabolism(英語表記)crassulaceanacidmetabolism
Crassulacean acid metabolism

…The CO 2 compensation point is extremely low (5ppm or less), and the photosynthetic rate in strong light, high temperature, and low CO 2 concentration is higher than that of C 3 plants. It has long been known that Crassulaceae plants open their stomata at night to absorb CO 2 , which is stored as malic acid, and close their stomata during the day to reduce malic acid and form starch, and this metabolic form was called Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM). As a result of progress in research on C 4 plants, it has been revealed that in C 4 plants, two types of CO 2 fixation reactions are carried out spatially in cooperation with mesophyll cells and bundle sheath cells, while in CAM plants, these two reactions are carried out temporally, i.e., CO 2 is fixed by PEPC at night, and this CO 2 is refixed by the Calvin cycle during the day. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "crassulacean acid metabolism" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…CO2補償点がきわめて低く(5ppm以下),強光,高温,低CO2濃度中での光合成速度はC3植物より高い。ベンケイソウ科の植物では,夜間に気孔が開いてCO2を吸収し,これがリンゴ酸として蓄えられ,昼間は気孔が閉じてリンゴ酸が減少し,デンプンを形成するという日変化を示すことが古くから知られており,この代謝形式は,ベンケイソウ型有機酸代謝crassulacean acid metabolism(CAM)と呼ばれていた。C4植物の研究の進展の結果,C4植物では葉肉細胞と維管束鞘細胞との協調で2種のCO2固定反応が空間的に分けて行われているのに対し,CAM植物ではこの2種の反応が夜と昼というように時間的に分けて行われる,すなわち夜間PEPCによるCO2固定が行われ,昼間はこのCO2がカルビン回路で再固定されることが明らかにされた。…

※「crassulacean acid metabolism」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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