Johannes XXII

Japanese: ヨハネス[22世]（英語表記）Johannes XXII

1249‐1334
Pope of the Roman Empire. Reigned 1316-34. Born in Cahors, France, he studied in Paris and became bishop of Fréjus in 1300, moving to Avignon ten years later. He was made a cardinal in 1312 by Pope Clement V and became pope in 1316. He subsequently established the papal court in Avignon, criticized the Franciscan spiritualist view of poverty, and excommunicated Emperor Louis IV as a heretic. The pope achieved remarkable results in organizing the Church of Rome and rebuilding the finances of the Papacy, but he also had a strong tendency to favor his relatives.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1249‐1334
ローマ教皇。在位1316‐34年。フランスのカオールに生まれ，パリで学び，1300年フレジュスの司教となり，10年後アビニョンに移る。教皇クレメンス5世により12年枢機卿となり，16年から教皇に就任。以後アビニョンの教皇宮廷を確立し，フランシスコ会心霊派の清貧観を批判し，皇帝ルートウィヒ4世を異端として破門した。教皇はローマ教会の組織化，教皇庁の財政再建に顕著な成果をあげたが，親族優遇の傾向が強かった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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