Supplying fuel, fresh water, food, ammunition, etc. from one ship to another at sea. Resupply at sea is essential when ships operate continuously for long periods at sea far from their bases. It began in the 19th century when warships became steam-powered and began to transfer coal. In 1902, the British battleship Trafalgar is said to have loaded 30 tons of coal per hour while towing a coal carrier at about 8 knots. Today, there are various types of supply ships. Fuel is supplied by connecting a fuel supply pipe from a tanker, and ships can be supplied with 7 to 15 kl per minute, and helicopters can be supplied with 200 to 300 l per minute. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
海洋上で艦船から艦船またはヘリコプターに,燃料,真水,糧食,弾薬等を補給すること。艦船等が基地から遠く離れた海面で長期連続して行動する場合,洋上補給が不可欠である。19世紀に軍艦が汽走になってから石炭を移載したのが始まりで,1902年イギリス戦艦〈トラファルガー〉が石炭運搬船を約8ノットで曳航しながら1時間に30tの石炭を搭載したといわれる。現代は各種の補給艦がある。燃料は給油艦から給油蛇管(だかん)を連結して行い,艦船には毎分7~15kl,ヘリコプターには毎分200~300l補給可能である。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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