A city in the southeastern part of Turkey's Asia Minor Peninsula, near the border with Syria. Capital of Urfa Province. Also called Şanlıurfa. Located at the northern end of the Mesopotamian Plain. Population 385,588 (2000). A key point for land transportation, distributing agricultural products such as wheat and barley. Formerly called Edessa, it has a history dating back to pre-Christian times. After becoming a center of Christian missionary work, it was occupied by the Arabs in 639. It was controlled by Crusaders in the 11th century, but was re-Islamized in 1144. It has been part of Turkey since 1637. On the hill behind it are the ruins of a Crusader castle. In recent years, large-scale water and irrigation projects have been underway in the surrounding area. [End line] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
トルコの小アジア半島南東部、シリアとの国境近くにある都市。ウルファ県の県都。シャンルウルファともいう。メソポタミア平原の北端部に位置する。人口38万5588(2000)。陸上交通の要衝で、小麦、大麦などの農産物を集散する。古くはエデッサEdessaとよばれ、紀元前にさかのぼる歴史をもつ。キリスト教の布教の中心になってのち、639年にはアラブに占領された。11世紀に十字軍に支配されるが、1144年にはふたたびイスラム化された。1637年以降トルコ領となった。背後の丘には十字軍の城跡がある。近年、大規模な水利灌漑(かんがい)事業が周辺地域で進められている。 [末尾至行] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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