Kindergarten Outline - Kindergarten Outline

This is a moral education book for children compiled by the Imperial decree of 1882 (Meiji 15) Motoda Toya (Nagazane). In 1878, Emperor Meiji inspected Tozan, Hokuriku, and Tokai, and based on this he had Motoda draft a proposal for improving educational policy ("Emperor's Order on Education," 1879). However, the view on education that clarified the teachings of the founders and established the state religion based on Confucian morality such as benevolence, righteousness, loyalty, and filial piety was opposed by Ito Hirobumi and others, and the concrete implementation of this was mainly carried out by the Imperial Household Ministry. In August 1879, Motoda was ordered to compile a book to inform young children of the essentials of education, and Motoda and his team completed the manuscript in the summer of 1881, and it was published by the Imperial Household Ministry in December 1882 as "Outline of Education." This work consists of three volumes, upper, middle and lower, and seven volumes, and establishes 20 virtues such as filial piety, loyalty, harmony, friendship and faith, explaining their meaning through scriptures, quoting historical examples from Japan and China, and adding illustrations to illustrate them. When it was distributed, it was accompanied by an imperial edict stating, "Let us know that here lies the essence of clear morality and virtue." It is considered to have been a precursor to the later issuance of the "Imperial Rescript on Education."

[Ozaki Mugen]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

1882年（明治15）勅命により侍講(じこう)元田東野(もとだとうや)（永孚(ながざね)）が編集した児童用修身書。明治天皇は1878年東山(とうざん)、北陸、東海を巡察、これに基づいて教育方針改善意見を元田に起草させた（「教学聖旨」。1879）。しかし、祖訓を明徴にし、仁義忠孝という儒教道徳によって国教を樹立するという教学観は、伊藤博文(ひろぶみ)らの反対を受け、その具体化は宮内省を中心に行われた。すなわち、79年8月、元田に幼少児童へ教学の要を知らせる書を編集すべきことが下命され、元田らはこれを受けて81年夏脱稿、82年12月宮内省より『幼学綱要』として刊行された。本書は上中下三冊七巻からなり、孝行、忠節、和順、友愛、信義など20の徳目をたて、経書によってその意義を説明し、和漢の歴史事例を引用しつつ、絵画によって解説を加えた。頒布にあたってはとくに、「明倫修徳ノ要茲(ここ)ニ在(あ)ル事ヲ知ラシム」との勅諭が添えられた。後年の「教育勅語」発布の先駆的な位置にあるものと評価されている。

［尾崎ムゲン］

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