French pedagogist. After graduating from the École Normale Supérieure, he was professor at various lycées, and then professor of education and philosophy at the University of Lille and the University of Poitiers. In 1945, he became president of the University of Strasbourg. Before the Second World War, he published textbooks on pedagogy, sociology, and psychology for normal schools, which contributed to the postwar French educational reform and had a major impact on the development of new teaching methods and teacher training in secondary schools. In 1948, he published a joint study on moral education under his editorship. His pedagogy was based on Kant's personalism and idealism and Durkheim's sociology, and was summarized in his major works , Traité de pedagogie général (1946), Histoire de la pedagogie (1948), and La croissance mentale, étude de psychogénétique (1949). According to him, pedagogy is not merely a science, technology, philosophy, or art, but a sum of all of these, a discipline that must be both theoretical and practical at the same time. [Masahiko Oe] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランスの教育学者。高等師範学校(エコール・ノルマル・シュペリュール)を卒業したのち、諸リセ教授を経てリール大学、ポアチエ大学の教育学・哲学教授を歴任、1945年ストラスブール大学学長となる。第二次世界大戦前には師範学校向けの教育学、社会学、心理学のテキストを刊行し、戦後フランスの教育改革に貢献、中等学校における新教授法の開発や教員養成に大きな影響を及ぼす。1948年には彼の編集のもとに道徳教育に関する共同研究を発表した。その教育学はカント哲学の人格主義、理想主義およびデュルケーム社会学を基礎としたもので、『一般教育学汎論』Traité de pédagogie général(1946)、『教育学史』Histoire de la pédagogie(1948)、『精神発達』La croissance mentale, étude de psychogénétique(1949)などの主著にまとめられている。彼によれば、教育学は単なる科学でも技術でも哲学でも芸術でもなく、それらの全総和であり、理論的であると同時に実践的な学問でなければならないとされる。 [大江正比古] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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