A general term for substances that have the effect of attracting animals. It is usually used only when there is benefit to both the attractor and the attracted. An attractive pheromone that works between individuals of the same species is a typical example, but substances that attract pollinating insects, such as the scent of a flower, can also be considered attractants in a broader sense. In contrast, substances that come from weakened trees and attract bark beetles, and the odors of herbivores that attract carnivores are not included in the category of attractants, as they only benefit one side. As for attractants other than pheromones, it has been proven that attractants work in the bonding of gametes in water molds and brown algae. In this way, the attractive action of chemicals supports life phenomena not only between individuals but also at various levels. [Takeji Kimura] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
動物を引き寄せる効果をもつ物質の総称。通常は誘引する側にもされる側にも利益がある場合に限って用いられる。同種の個体間で働く誘引性のフェロモンはその典型的な例であるが、花の香りのように、花粉を媒介する昆虫を引き付ける物質も広い意味では誘引物質といえよう。これに対して、弱った樹木から出てキクイムシを引き付ける物質や、肉食動物を引き付ける草食動物の匂い物質などは、片方にのみ利益があるので誘引物質には含めない。フェロモン以外の誘引物質として、ミズカビ、褐藻などで配偶子どうしの結合に誘引物質が働いていることが証明されている。このように化学物質による誘引作用は個体間だけでなくさまざまなレベルで生命現象を支えている。 [木村武二] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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