A human or human-like animal believed to exist among Tibetan people in the highlands of the Himalayas. The name and content of the legends vary slightly depending on the ethnic group and region, but the Yeti is generally known as the Yeti. Among the Sherpas who live in northeastern Nepal, there are two types of yetis: the large Chuti and the small Mithi. The former are over 2 meters tall, the latter about 1.5 meters tall. Both have long hair and are extremely powerful, with the former attacking yaks and the latter attacking humans. It is said that if one sees one nearby, it will cause illness or misfortune. Their cry sounds very similar to a whistle, but when they hear a human call, they will echo the words of the person they are calling. They generally have a tendency to imitate human behavior, so there is a legend among the Sherpas that once, people who were plagued by yetis held a drinking party in a place where yetis lurked, got drunk, brandished swords, made fighting gestures, and left behind a wine jar and several swords. The yetis imitated them and actually killed each other, which led to a dramatic decline in their numbers. Yetis are also said to walk in a straight line, regardless of the terrain or obstacles present. Thus, footprints in a straight line in the snow are often attributed to a yeti. In addition to footprints, many Sherpas claim to have heard the yeti's cries and seen it from afar or in dim light. Several Tibetan Buddhist temples in Sherpa villages possess what are said to be yeti scalps, but it is believed to actually be the fur of a type of antelope. In the 1950s, a British expedition published a photo of strange footprints, and since then, several "Yebenothesman expeditions" from Europe, the United States, and Japan have set out to the Nepalese Himalayas and elsewhere, but have not achieved any notable results. [Katsuhiko Kano] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ヒマラヤ高地のチベット系住民の間で、存在すると信じられている人ないしは人に近い動物。民族、地方によって、伝承の内容や名称には多少の異同があるが、一般に名称はイェティYetiとして知られている。 ネパール北東部に住居するシェルパの人々の間では、大形のチュティと小形のミティとがあり、身長は前者が2メートル以上、後者は1.5メートル程度で、いずれも長い体毛をもち、きわめて強力で、前者はヤク、後者は人を襲うという。近くで目撃した場合にも、病気や不幸の原因になるといわれる。鳴き声は口笛によく似ているが、一方で、人の呼びかけに対してはおうむ返しに同じことばを応答するのが特徴であるともいう。一般に人の行動を模倣するくせがあるので、かつてイェティの被害に悩まされた人々が、イェティの出没する場所で酒宴を開き、酔って刀を振り回し、争う身ぶりをしたのち、酒壺(つぼ)と数本の刀を置き去りにしておいたところ、イェティがそのまねをして実際に殺し合いをしたため、めっきり数が減ってしまったという伝承も、シェルパの間では伝えられている。 イェティはまた、地形や障害物の有無にかかわらず、一直線に歩行するといわれる。したがって、雪上に一直線につけられた足跡は、しばしばイェティのものと考えられる。足跡のほか、イェティの鳴き声を聞いたり、遠くから、または薄暗がりのなかでイェティを見たことがあると主張する人々は、シェルパの間では少なくない。シェルパの村のチベット仏教寺院のいくつかは、イェティの頭皮と称されるものを所有しているが、実際にはカモシカの一種の毛皮という説が有力である。 1950年代、イギリスの探検隊が異様な足跡の写真を発表してから、欧米や日本からいくつかの「雪男探検隊」がネパールヒマラヤなどに出かけている。しかし、これといった成果はあげていない。 [鹿野勝彦] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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