Evening newspaper

Japanese: 夕刊紙 - ゆうかんし(英語表記)evening newspaper
Evening newspaper

A newspaper published in the evening. Most modern and contemporary dailies can be divided into those published in the morning, which is the beginning of the day, and those published in the evening, which is the end of the day. In Japan, most dailies produce and sell a set of morning and evening editions, but in Tokyo, for example, the evening edition is produced from news collected and edited between 1:35 a.m. and 1:30 p.m. that day. Newspapers that are published only in the evening (single evening editions), rather than a morning and evening edition set, are rare in Japan. In contrast, Western newspapers are published as either morning or evening editions alone, and in America, evening editions are overwhelmingly more common.

The first evening newspaper in Japan is said to be the Tokyo Mainichi Shimbun, first published in November 1877 (Meiji 10). During the Russo-Japanese War (1904-05), newspapers published extra editions several times a day to report on the war situation, sparking a "battle of extra editions." This created the habit of reading the news multiple times a day among readers, and evening editions became more common. It was not until the Taisho period that the number of newspapers publishing both morning and evening editions began to increase.

However, in Japan today (2001), newspapers that are defined as evening papers are those published in big cities such as Tokyo and Osaka, and sold directly to readers through kiosks, convenience stores, and other means other than door-to-door delivery. In this sense, evening papers are characterized by their articles, writing style, and editorial style, which aim to attract readers' interest and are extremely sensational. In other words, they are popular papers that present commercialized sexual information in addition to features or gossip information on sports, show business, and accidents. The readership of these newspapers is the vast male workforce working in government offices, companies, organizations, etc., and they read them in their cars on the way home from work every day. One representative newspaper of this type is the tabloid version of "Yukan Fuji," which was launched in Tokyo in 1969 and describes itself as "a salaryman's newspaper that challenges the modern era."

[Masao Takasu and Toshitaka Hayashi]

[Reference] | Newspaper

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

夕方に発行される新聞。近・現代の日刊新聞の大部分は、その日の始まりである朝に発行される新聞と、その日の昼の終わりである夕方に発行される新聞に二分できる。日本においては、日刊新聞の多くが、朝刊と夕刊をセットにした制作販売システムをとっているが、夕刊は、たとえば東京ではその日の午前1時35分以降午後1時30分までに収集・編集されたニュースを素材として製作される。朝・夕刊のセットではなく、夕方にのみ発行される新聞(単独夕刊紙)は日本では希少である。これに対し、欧米の新聞は朝刊紙、夕刊紙いずれかの単独発行であり、アメリカではむしろ夕刊紙のほうが圧倒的に多い。

 日本の夕刊紙の始まりは1877年(明治10)11月創刊の『東京毎夕新聞』とされる。日露戦争(1904~05)当時、新聞各社が戦況速報のため1日に何回も号外を発行し「号外合戦」を展開した。これによって、読者の間に1日に何度もニュースを読む習慣が生まれ、夕刊発行が活発化した。朝・夕刊を発行する社が増えたのは大正期に入ってからである。

 しかし2001年(平成13)現在の日本において、夕刊紙という名称をもって規定される新聞は、東京、大阪などの大都市で発行され、キオスク、コンビニエンス・ストアなど戸別配達以外の方法で直接読者に販売する娯楽色の濃い新聞をさすと理解してよいだろう。そのような意味における夕刊紙は、記事内容、文体、および編集スタイルにおいて読者の興味を引きつける紙面づくりが志向され、著しく煽情(せんじょう)的であることを特色とする。すなわち、スポーツ、ショービジネス、事件事故などのフィーチャー(特集)もしくはゴシップ情報に加えて、商品化された性情報などを提示する大衆紙(ポピュラー・ペーパー)である。それらの新聞の読者層は、官庁・企業・団体等に勤務する膨大な男性勤労者層であり、その閲読場所は日々の仕事からの帰宅途上における車中である。この種の代表的な新聞として、1969年(昭和44)東京で創刊された『夕刊フジ』(タブロイド判)は、「現代に挑戦するサラリーマン新聞」と自らを規定している。

[高須正郎・林 利隆]

[参照項目] | 新聞

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