Omiya (Empress Dowager) - Omiya

Japanese: 大宮(皇太后) - おおみや
Omiya (Empress Dowager) - Omiya

…According to the ritsuryo system, the three empresses were to be given the position of Chugu, and this principle was followed until the early Heian period, but when the system of one empress and one official position was established, the empress dowager was given the position of Kotobagu. In the Edo period, the empress dowager was called Omiya, and her residence was called Omiya Gosho. [Yoneda Yusuke]
[China]
An honorific for the Emperor's mother.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Omiya (Empress Dowager)" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…令制によると,三后には中宮職が付置されるとあり,平安時代初期まではこの原則が遵守されたが,一后一職司制が成立して皇太后には皇太后宮職が付置されるようになった。江戸時代,皇太后を大宮といい,その居所を大宮御所という。【米田 雄介】
[中国]
 皇帝の母の尊称。…

※「大宮(皇太后)」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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