This insect belongs to the family Tephritidae, suborder Brachyceratoidea, class Insecta. Its body length is 8-9 mm, its wingspan is about 7 mm, and its body is yellowish brown or yellowish reddish brown. The three small longitudinal stripes on the dorsal thorax, both shoulder ridges, and the small scutella are all pale yellow. The leading edge of the wing is brown up to the fourth and fifth radial veins, which connect to the large dark brown circular pattern on the apex of the wing. Dark brown markings are also prominent on both the radial and middle elbow transverse veins. The base of the abdomen is brown, and there is a T-shaped blackish brown marking extending posteriorly beyond the third segment. The larvae are a major international pest that damages various melons and over 80 kinds of fresh fruit. They were first described as a new species in Hawaii, but are thought to have originated in the Oriental tropics, and are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the Orient and Pacific. In 1919 (Taisho 8), it was known to inhabit the Yaeyama Islands of Okinawa Prefecture, but in 1929 (Showa 4), it invaded and established itself in the Miyako Islands. It is also believed to have invaded Kumejima in Okinawa Prefecture during World War II. After it was first confirmed in 1970 (Showa 45), it moved northward year by year, and in 1979 it invaded Yakushima and Tanegashima in Kagoshima Prefecture, but did not establish itself there. After that, a large-scale control project using the Sterile Insect Release Method was carried out in Okinawa Prefecture, and it was declared eradicated on April 15, 1993 (Heisei 5). However, vigilance against reinvasion continues. Male adults of this species are very effectively attracted to cue-lure, a fragrance used in Western confectionery, so it is used for control and in forecasting. [Shushiro Ito] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
昆虫綱双翅(そうし)目短角亜目ミバエ科に属する昆虫。体長8~9ミリメートル、翅長7ミリメートル内外で、体は黄褐色ないし黄赤褐色。胸部背面の小字形の3縦条、両肩瘤(けんりゅう)部、小楯板(しょうじゅんばん)はいずれも淡黄色。はねの前縁は第4、第5径脈(けいみゃく)まで褐色で、翅頂部の大きな濃褐色の円紋に接続する。径中と中肘(ちゅうちゅう)両横脈上にも、それぞれ濃褐色紋が顕著である。腹部の基部は褐色で、第3節よりも後方にわたってT字形の黒褐色紋がある。幼虫は各種のウリ類のほか、80種以上の生果実を加害する国際的な大害虫である。最初に新種として記載されたのはハワイであるが、原産地は東洋熱帯と考えられ、東洋および太平洋の熱帯、亜熱帯地域に広く分布する。1919年(大正8)には沖縄県八重山(やえやま)諸島に生息が知られていたが、1929年(昭和4)に宮古(みやこ)諸島に侵入定着した。また、同県の久米島(くめじま)へはおそらく第二次世界大戦中の侵入と考えられる。1970年(昭和45)に確認されて以後、年を追って北上し、1979年には鹿児島県屋久島(やくしま)および種子島(たねがしま)にまで侵入したが、定着はしなかった。その後沖縄県では大規模な不妊虫放飼法(ふにんちゅうほうしほう)による対策事業が行われて奏功し、1993年(平成5)4月15日根絶確認が宣言された。しかし、再侵入に対する警戒は続行されている。本種の雄成虫は、洋菓子用の芳香物質でもあるキュールアcue-lureに、きわめて効果的に誘引されるので、防除や発生予察に利用されている。 [伊藤修四郎] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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