It is one of the main peaks of the Japanese Alps, towering over the border between Nagano and Gifu prefectures. Along with Mt. Hotaka, it is one of the most representative mountains of the Northern Alps, and forms the center of Chubu Sangaku National Park. At 3,180 meters above sea level, it is 10 meters lower than Mt. Okuhotaka and is the second highest mountain in the Northern Alps. It was named after its pointed summit, which resembles the tip of a spear. It is the most easily identifiable feature, even when viewed from afar. The summit, called Oyari, is only about eight tatami mats in size, and climbers wait for others to descend before ascending in order. To the north of Oyari is Koyari, a slightly lower, sharp peak that is a good spot for rock climbing. The peak is sharp because the amphibole rock is hard and has not been eroded. To the north of the summit, the head of the valley of Senjozawa and Tenjozawa (both of which flow into the Takase River), separated by the Kitakama Ridge, looms, while to the southeast is the valley of the Azusa River, and to the southwest is the valley of the Mada River, making the entire mountain shaped like a triangular pyramid, and around the summit there are glacial landforms such as the Yarisawa Cirque, Tenjozawa Cirque, and Senjozawa Cirque. The first person to climb this mountain was Banryu, a Buddhist monk from Ecchu (Toyama Prefecture), who reached the summit in the summer of 1828 (Bunsei 11) and enshrined a statue of Amida Buddha and other items. A chain was installed to facilitate the ascent to Oyari for the convenience of worshippers. The first modern climber to reach the peak was British metallurgist W. Gouland (1842-1922), who coined the term "Japanese Alps," in 1877 (Meiji 10), while the first Japanese climbers to reach the peak were Kojima Usui and Okano Kinjiro in 1902 (Meiji 35). The most common climbing route is the Omote Ginza route, which starts from Nakabusa Onsen and goes up to Tsubakuro-dake, passes through Higashikama Ridge, and then to Yari-ga-take, before descending from Yokoo to Kamikochi, but it requires two nights. The Kitakama Ridge route is a variation route that is not a regular hiking trail. [Hiroyoshi Kobayashi] "Yari and Hotaka - The Dawn of Modern Alpinism" by Yasuji Yamazaki et al. (1963, Hobundo) One of the main peaks of the Japanese Alps, this mountain (3,180m above sea level) is representative of the Northern Alps. The summit, left behind by glacial erosion, has a unique shape like the tip of a spear, and is also known as the "Matterhorn of Japan." The photo shows the view from Tengu Pond on the southeastern foot of the mountain. It is part of the Chubu Sangaku National Park. Omachi City, Nagano Prefecture / Takayama City, Gifu Prefecture © Shinshu-Nagano Prefecture Tourism Association "> Mount Yari Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
長野・岐阜県境にそびえる日本アルプスの主峰の一つ。穂高岳とともに北アルプスを代表する山で、中部山岳国立公園の中心をなしている。標高3180メートルは奥穂高岳より10メートル低く北アルプス第2位。山頂が槍の穂先のようにとがっているのでこの山名がついた。遠方から見ても、もっとも識別しやすい特徴をもっている。大槍とよばれる山頂部は8畳ほどの広さしかなく、登山者は下山者を待って順に登頂するほどである。大槍の北にはやや低い尖峰(せんぽう)の小槍があり、ロック・クライミングの対象。山頂部が尖峰をなしているのは角閃(かくせん)石玢(ひん)岩が硬いため侵食されなかったからである。山頂部の北側は北鎌尾根が分ける千丈沢と天上(てんじょう)沢(ともに高瀬川に注ぐ)の谷頭が迫り、南東は梓(あずさ)川、南西は蒲田(がまだ)川の谷で、山全体が三角錐(すい)状になり、山頂周辺には槍沢カールをはじめ、天上沢カール、千丈沢カールなど氷食地形がある。この山に最初に登ったのは越中(えっちゅう)(富山県)の念仏行者播隆(ばんりゅう)で、1828年(文政11)の夏、登頂し、阿弥陀仏(あみだぶつ)などを納めたという。大槍への登頂のため鎖を取り付け、登拝者の便宜をはかった。近代的登山としては「日本アルプス」の名付け親であるイギリス人冶金技術者ガウランドW. Gouland(1842―1922)が1877年(明治10)に登り、日本人登山家では1902年(明治35)に小島烏水(うすい)と岡野金次郎が登ったのが最初である。登山コースは、中房温泉から燕岳(つばくろだけ)、東鎌尾根を経て槍ヶ岳へ登り、横尾から上高地(かみこうち)へ下る表銀座コースも一般的であるが、2泊を要する。なお、北鎌尾根ルートは一般登山道ではないバリエーションルート。 [小林寛義] 『山崎安治他著『槍・穂高――近代アルピニズムの黎明』(1963・朋文堂)』 日本アルプスの主峰の一つで、北アルプスを代表する山(標高3180m)。氷食によって取り残された山頂部は槍の穂先のような特異な形状をなし、「日本のマッターホルン」ともよばれる。写真は南東麓の天狗池からの眺望。中部山岳国立公園に含まれる。長野県大町市/岐阜県高山市©信州・長野県観光協会"> 槍ヶ岳 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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