Tomoyuki Yamashita

Japanese: 山下奉文 - やましたともゆき

Born: November 8, 1885 in Kochi
[Died] February 23, 1946. Manila Army officer. He is famous for urging British commander A. Percival to surrender unconditionally during the invasion of Singapore in World War II, asking "Yes or no?". He graduated from the Military Academy in 1905 and the Army War College in 1916. He served as a member of the General Staff in 1918, military attaché in Austria, commander of the 3rd Infantry Regiment, director of the Military Research Department of the Ministry of the Army in 1932, and air inspector general in 1940. He was considered a supporter of the Imperial Way, but did not take any action during the February 26 Incident. In 1942, he became commander of the 1st Area Army in Manchuria, and in 1943, a general. In 1944, he became commander of the 14th Area Army in the Philippines, where he led an operation to block the American landing, but was defeated. After the war, he was hanged by a military tribunal in Manila (→Yamashita Trial).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1885.11.8. 高知
[没]1946.2.23. マニラ
陸軍軍人。第2次世界大戦におけるシンガポール攻略にあたり，イギリス軍司令官 A.パーシバルに「イエスか，ノーか」と無条件降伏を迫ったことで有名。 1905年陸軍士官学校，16年陸軍大学校卒業。 18年参謀本部員，オーストリア駐在武官，歩兵第3連隊長，32年陸軍省軍事調査部長，40年航空総監などを歴任。皇道派とみられていたが，二・二六事件では行動を起さなかった。 42年満州の第1方面軍司令官，43年大将。 44年フィリピンの第 14方面軍司令官に転じ，アメリカ上陸阻止作戦を指導し敗れた。戦後，マニラの軍事裁判 (→山下裁判 ) によって絞首刑となった。

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