Nitrenes are electrically neutral intermediates in organic chemical reactions that have a monovalent nitrogen atom and two unshared electron pairs. They were named after their carbon analogue, carbene. Their existence has been confirmed as extremely reactive intermediates. There are various known ways to generate nitrenes, but the most representative method is the decomposition of azides by heat or light. The reactivity of nitrenes is very similar to that of carbenes, and known reactions include insertion reactions into σ bonds (formula (1)), addition reactions into π bonds (formula (2)), rearrangement reactions (formula (3)), and dimerization (formula (4)). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1価の窒素原子と2対の非共有電子対をもつ,電気的に中性な有機化学反応中間体。炭素類似体のカルベンに対応して命名された。きわめて反応性に富む中間体として,その存在が確認されている。種々の発生法が知られているが,代表的な方法はアジドの熱または光による分解反応である。ナイトレンの反応性はカルベンのそれとよく似ており,σ結合への挿入反応(式(1)),π結合への付加反応(式(2)),転位反応(式(3)),二量化(式(4))などが知られている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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