Moḥammad Reḍā Pahlavī

Japanese: モハンマド･レザー･パフラビー（英語表記）Moḥammad Reḍā Pahlavī

1919‐80
The last king of the Pahlavi dynasty. Reigned 1941-1979. In Japan, he is often written as Pahlavi. He was the crown prince of Reza Shah Pahlavi, and took the throne in his place when his father was forced to abdicate during World War II. During and immediately after the war, American pressure intensified, and the Soviet Union supported Iran's democratic struggle, leading to a political crisis in Iran, but the king remained closely allied to the United States. With the backing of the United States, the king's power was strengthened. In 1951, Prime Minister Mossadegh nationalized oil, raising the people's sense of rights, and the political rivalry between the king and Prime Minister Mossadegh intensified through 1953.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1919‐80
パフラビー朝の最後の国王。在位1941‐79年。日本では，しばしばパーレビと記される。レザー･シャー･パフラビーの皇太子で，第2次世界大戦下に父王が退位を余儀なくされ，これに代わって即位。大戦中，およびその直後からアメリカの圧力が強まるとともに，ソ連はイランの民主主義闘争を支持して，イランは政治危機を迎えたが，国王はアメリカに強く結びついた。アメリカの後押しで国王権力は強化された。51年，モサッデク首相が石油国有化を行い国民の権利意識が高まると，53年にかけて国王とモサッデク首相との政治的対抗関係が激化した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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