Maine de Biran (English spelling)

Japanese: メーヌ･ド･ビラン（英語表記）Maine de Biran

1766‐1824
French philosopher, born Marie François Pierre Gontier de Biran. He served as magistrate of the Dordogne (1795-97), member of the Council of Five Hundred (1797), and member of the Legislative Assembly (1812-14, 1816-24). He started from the position that the method is the internal perception of the facts of consciousness. He first revised Condillac's theory of sensation in the direction of the idealism of Cabanis and Destutt de Tracy, and argued that thinking is truly developed when habits help active impressions (perceptions) and free them from the constraints of passive impressions (sensation in the narrow sense) (The Influence of Habits on the Faculty of Thought, 1802).

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1766‐1824
フランスの哲学者。本名Marie François Pierre Gontier de Biran。ドルドーニュ県行政官(1795‐97)，五百人会議議員(1797)，立法議会議員(1812‐14,16‐24)を歴任。彼は意識の事実の内面的知覚を方法とする立場から出発する。まず，コンディヤックの感覚論をカバニスやデステュット･ド･トラシーの観念学の方向に修正し，習慣が能動的印象(知覚)をたすけて受動的印象(狭義の感覚)の束縛から解放するときに，思考は真の発達をとげると主張した(《思考能力に及ぼす習慣の影響》1802)。

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