Methane fermentation

Japanese: メタン発酵 - メタンはっこう(英語表記)methane fermentation
Methane fermentation
Methane production is carried out by anaerobic microorganisms called methanogens. Methanogens obtain energy by oxidizing hydrogen gas, and in the process reduce carbon dioxide to produce methane 4H 2 + CO 2 → CH 4 + 2H 2 O. Methane is also produced from methyl alcohol, formic acid, and acetic acid. Generally, methane fermentation is carried out in a mixed culture system, involving a large number of microorganisms that break down sugars, proteins, lipids, and other substances into substances that can be used by methanogens, and vitamin B 12 , especially methyl B 12 , plays an important role as a methyl carrier. In some methanogens, the methyl group from methyl B 12 is transferred to a compound called coenzyme M (HS-CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 - ), which is then reduced to methane. Methanogens contain a significant amount of vitamin B 12 (→ Vitamin B12 fermentation).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
メタン細菌と呼ばれる嫌気性微生物によって行われるメタンの生成。メタン細菌は水素ガスを酸化することによってエネルギーを獲得し,この過程で炭酸ガスを還元してメタンを発生する 4H2 + CO2 → CH4 + 2H2O。また,メチルアルコール,ギ酸,酢酸などからもメタンが生成される。一般に,メタン発酵は混合培養系で行われ,糖,蛋白質,脂質などをメタン細菌の利用しうる物質にまで分解する多数の微生物が関与しており,ビタミン B12,特にメチル B12がメチル運搬体として重要な働きをしている。ある種のメタン細菌では,メチル B12からのメチル基がコエンザイムM (HS-CH2CH2SO3-) と名づけられた化合物に移されたのち,メタンに還元されるといわれている。メタン細菌にはビタミン B12がかなり多量に含まれている(→ビタミン B12 発酵)。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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