In Spanish-speaking Latin America, this term refers to people of mixed race, white and indigenous (Indian) origin. Since the Spanish conquest, intermarriage has progressed, and in many countries, mixed races have come to make up a large proportion of the population, becoming an intermediate class between white and indigenous people. Although mestizo refers to mixed race, it is not a concept that refers to biological intermarriage. It is believed that there are no indigenous people in Latin America who have no white blood at all. Even if they are of indigenous origin, urban workers and those who have migrated to places other than their hometowns can also be considered mestizos. In this sense, mestizos can be considered people who have left the indigenous community and chosen a more civilized lifestyle. Such people are called Cholo by white Peruvians and Misti by indigenous people. Local farmers called Guarani in Paraguay and Caboclo in Brazil are also mestizos. [Hideo Kimura] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ラテン・アメリカのスペイン語圏で白人と先住民(インディオ)の混血をさす語。スペインによる征服以来混血が進み、多くの国で混血が人口の大きな部分を占めるようになり、混血は白人と先住民の間にたつ中間層となってきた。メスティソは混血をさすといっても、生物学的な意味での混血を意味する概念ではない。ラテン・アメリカにまったく白人の血が混じっていない先住民はいないと考えられているのである。先住民出身であっても、都市の労働者や、故郷とは違う場所に移住したものもメスティソのなかに含めて考えられる。この意味ではメスティソは、先住民の共同体を離れて、より文明化した生活様式を選び取った人々と考えることができる。このような人々をペルーの白人たちはチョロCholoとよび、先住民はミスティMistiとよぶ。パラグアイでグァラニGuarani、ブラジルでカボクロCabocloとよばれる地方農民もメスティソである。 [木村秀雄] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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