Infinity - Mujin

Japanese: 無尽 - むじん

One of the mutual aid systems in Japan. A certain number of accounts and benefit amounts are set, and members are recruited, who pay regular premiums, and are given money or goods by drawing lots or bidding. It is said to have started in the Kamakura period, developed in the Edo period, and in the Meiji period, the number of profit-making mutual aid operators that took the form of companies increased, so in 1931 the Mutual Aid Business Law was enacted and commercial mutual aid became a license system. With the establishment of the Mutual Bank Law in 1951, mutual aid companies were divided into mutual banks that performed banking business (later abolished), and Nihon Jutaku Mutual Aid Co., Ltd., which is the only company still operating a mutual aid business as of September 2016. Mutual aid companies run by ordinary individuals still exist in various places as of 2016, with different names and structures, but many of them are now mainly regular drinking parties (gatherings) for certain participants, and combine the mutual aid system with this.

(2016-9-15)

Source: Asahi Shimbun Publications About Chiekura Mini Information

Japanese:

日本の相互扶助制度の一つ。一定の口数と給付金額を定めて加入者を募り、定期的に掛け金を払い込ませて、抽選・入札などの方法により金銭や物品を与えるもの。鎌倉時代に始まったとされ、江戸時代に発展、明治時代には営利を目的とし会社の形態をとる無尽業者が増えたため、1931年には「無尽業法」が施行されて営業無尽は免許制度となった。1951年の「相互銀行法」の制定により、無尽会社は、銀行業務を行う相互銀行(後に廃止)と、2016年9月現在無尽を継続する唯一の会社である日本住宅無尽株式会社に分かれた。一般個人による無尽は、16年現在も各地にそれぞれの名称・仕組みで残っているが、特定の参加者による定期的な飲み会(寄り合い)がメインとなりそれに無尽の仕組みを組み合わせるといったものも多くなっている。

(2016-9-15)

出典　朝日新聞出版知恵蔵miniについて　情報

<<: Unconsciously - Unconsciously

>>: Innocent - Mushin