As shown in Figure 1, the blood circulation is divided into two types (venous and ventral) with the dorsal aorta in between. The ventral circulation is anabolic, which always circulates in a fixed direction through the digestive tract, while the dorsal circulation is catabolic, which also circulates in a fixed direction through the body wall system, centered on the neural tube. In vertebrates, the liver and kidneys are inserted at the end of each circulation in a checkpoint-like manner, and the respiratory part for gas exchange, which utilizes the anterior part of the digestive tract, is differentiated in the form of the branchial intestine in the first fish. Therefore, in contrast to invertebrates, the heart of vertebrates is formed in a fixed area of the ventral blood vessels, not on the dorsal side of the digestive tract. *Some of the terminology that mentions "branchial intestine" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…図1に示すように,その血液の循環には,背側大動脈を間に挟んだ腹背2種の系列(静脈)が識別される。このうち腹側の循環は消化管をつねに一定の方向に回る同化性のそれであり,背側の循環は神経管を中心に体壁系を同じく一定の方向に回る異化性のそれであるが,脊椎動物では,それぞれの循環の終りの部分に関所のような形で肝臓と腎臓が挿入され,さらに同化性の循環からは,消化管の前方を利用してガス交換のための呼吸部が,最初の魚の時代には鰓腸(さいちよう)branchial intestineの形で分化してくる。したがって脊椎動物の心臓は,無脊椎動物とは対照的に,消化管の背側ではなくて,その腹側血管の一定の場に形成される。… ※「branchial intestine」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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