An animal that is free of all detectable microorganisms and parasites. Usually, it is created by aseptically removing fetuses from laboratory animals, and is used for precise experiments in microbiology, nutrition, etc. However, since the procedures are complex and it is sometimes inappropriate to remove physiologically significant microorganisms, specific pathogen-free animals that are free of designated pathogens are often used in practice. Furthermore, gnotobiotes, which are germ-free animals newly colonized with known microorganisms, are also used. In contrast to these, animals that do not control microorganisms are called conventional animals. [Hiroshi Ooka] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
検出しうるすべての微生物、寄生虫のいない動物をいう。普通、実験動物の胎児を無菌的に取り出してつくられ、微生物学、栄養学などの精密な実験に用いられる。しかし、操作が大掛りなことや、生理的に有意義な微生物まで除くことが不適当な場合があるため、とくに指定された病原体のいないSPF動物specific pathogen animalが実際にはよく用いられている。さらに、無菌動物に改めて既知の微生物を定着させたノトバイオートgnotobioteも使われている。これらに対して、微生物をコントロールしない動物をコンベンショナルconventional動物という。 [大岡 宏] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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