Born: August 9, 1927, New York, New York [Died] January 24, 2016. American scientist from Boston, Massachusetts. Full name Marvin Lee Minsky. A pioneer in the field of artificial intelligence, he also contributed to research in cognitive psychology, neural networks, and symbolic mathematics. He received his bachelor's degree in mathematics from Harvard University in 1950, his doctorate from Princeton University in 1954, and returned to Harvard as a research associate. In 1951, he created the world's first randomly connected neural network learning machine, SNARC, and in 1955 invented the confocal microscope. In 1957, he moved to Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to work on modeling human thought using computers. In 1959, he started the MIT Artificial Intelligence Project (later developed into the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory) with computer scientist John McCarthy. In 1975, he proposed frame theory, which identifies and defines the general information that a computer must be programmed with before it can be given specific instructions. His books include Perceptrons: An Introduction to Computational Geometry (1969, co-authored with Seymour Papert) and The Society of Mind (1985). He has received numerous awards, including the Turing Prize in 1969, the Japan Prize in 1990, and the Benjamin Franklin Medal in 2001. Minsky |
[生]1927.8.9. ニューヨーク,ニューヨーク [没]2016.1.24. マサチューセッツ,ボストン アメリカ合衆国の科学者。フルネーム Marvin Lee Minsky。人工知能分野の先駆者であり,認知心理学,ニューラルネットワーク,記号数学の研究にも貢献した。1950年ハーバード大学で数学の学士号を取得,1954年プリンストン大学で博士号を取得し,研究員としてハーバード大学に戻った。1951年に世界初のランダム結線型ニューラルネットワーク学習マシン SNARCを製作,1955年に共焦点顕微鏡を発明した。1957年にマサチューセッツ工科大学 MITに移り,コンピュータを使って人間の思考をモデル化する研究に取り組む。1959年コンピュータ科学者ジョン・マッカーシーとともに MIT人工知能プロジェクト(のちに MITコンピュータ科学・人工知能研究所に発展)を開始した。1975年,コンピュータに具体的な指示を与える前にプログラムしておくべき一般的な情報を特定し定義するフレーム理論を提唱した。著書に『パーセプトロン』Perceptrons: An Introduction to Computational Geometry(1969,シーモア・パパートとの共著),『心の社会』The Society of Mind(1985)など。1969年テューリング賞,1990年日本国際賞,2001年ベンジャミン・フランクリン・メダルなど受賞多数。 ミンスキー
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