Mansaku Dance - Mansaku Dance

It is a rural entertainment art form handed down in Tokyo, Kanagawa, Saitama, Chiba, and Ibaraki (southern part). The name comes from "a bountiful harvest" and is usually written as "Mansaku." It is dedicated to shrines at spring and autumn festivals in connection with both pre-celebration and harvest ceremonies, and is also performed in temple halls on festival days. The name varies from region to region, and while in Tokyo and Saitama it is often called "Mansaku Dance," in Kanagawa it is often called "Ameya Dance" after the people who spread it, in Chiba it is often called "Nakayamabushi" after the place where it spread, and in Ibaraki it is often called "Ko-Nenbutsu" after its intended use. Other names include Soudaibushi, Oitokobushi, and Nohohonbushi, based on the lyrics and musical accompaniment; Yotsutakeodori, based on the musical instruments; and Takasagoodori, Komayaodori, Shiramatsuodori, Kisarazubushi, Shimotsumabushi, and Kodaijibushi, based on the main performances. Teodori is the mainstream, but there is a wide variety of types and performances, including shosa-infused teodori, danmono (mansaku theater), kyogen (traditional Japanese comedy), and jishibai (traditional folk theater). Danmono is similar to Niwaka in that it is not performed exactly like the original but is a parody. Mansaku odori is characterized by its rough and unrefined style, and belongs to the Edo Sumiyoshi odori and Edo gannin (artistic monks) performing arts. It was popular in the late Edo period and still exists today. Kappore is a similar type of performance.

[Masahiro Nishikado]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

東京、神奈川、埼玉、千葉、茨城（南部）などに伝承する農村娯楽芸能。名称は豊年満作から出たもので、普通は万作と表記されている。予祝と収穫の両方の祭事にかかわって春秋の祭りに神社に奉納されるが、また縁日には寺のお堂で演じられる。地域によって名称は一定でなく、東京や埼玉では万作踊とよぶ所が多いが、神奈川では伝播(でんぱ)者から飴屋(あめや)踊、千葉では伝播地から中山節、茨城では転用目的から小(こ)念仏とよぶ例が多い。そのほか歌詞や囃詞(はやしことば)からソウダイ節、オイトコ節、ノホホン節、楽器から四つ竹踊、主たる演目から高砂(たかさご)踊、粉屋踊、白松(しらまつ)踊、木更津(きさらづ)節、下妻(しもつま)節、広大寺節などともよぶ。手踊りが主流だが、所作(しょさ)入り手踊り、段物（万作芝居）、茶番狂言、地芝居などと種類も演目も多様である。段物は本行(ほんぎょう)どおりに演ぜずにパロディー化している点、俄(にわか)に似ている。万作踊は粗野で野太いのが特徴で、江戸住吉踊、江戸願人(がんにん)の芸系に属し、幕末に流行し、現存。かっぽれも同系の芸である。

［西角井正大］

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