Matta, Roberto

Japanese: マッタ(英語表記)Matta, Roberto
Matta, Roberto
Born: November 11, 1911, Santiago, Chile
[Died] November 23, 2002. Born in Civitavecchia, Chile, painter. Full name Roberto Antonio Sebastian Matta Echaurren. Born into a wealthy family, he obtained a degree in architecture from the Catholic University of Santiago in 1931, moved to Europe two years later, and worked at Le Corbusier's architectural office in Paris in the mid-1930s. He became acquainted with André Breton and others, and became interested in the Surrealist movement. In 1939, he moved to New York and began painting. In the 1940s, he had a great influence on Abstract Expressionist painters, but returned to Europe in 1948. As a leftist, he was considered a dangerous person by the US government in the 1950s, and was not welcomed in his native Chile after the establishment of the Pinochet-Ugarte military regime in 1973. In 1956, he created a mural for the UNESCO headquarters in Paris, entitled "Doubts about the Three Worlds." A retrospective was held at the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) in New York in 1957 and at the Centre National des Arts et des Culture Georges Pompidou in Paris in 1985.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1911.11.11. チリ,サンチアゴ
[没]2002.11.23. イタリア,チビタベッキア
チリ生まれの画家。フルネーム Roberto Antonio Sebastian Matta Echaurren。裕福な家庭に生まれ,1931年にサンチアゴのカトリック大学で建築学の学位を取得,2年後に渡欧,1930年代半ばにはパリのル・コルビュジエの建築事務所に勤めた。アンドレ・ブルトンらと知り合い,シュルレアリスム運動に傾倒,1939年にニューヨークに移って絵画を描き始めた。1940年代には抽象表現主義の画家に大きな影響を与えたが,1948年にヨーロッパに戻る。左翼主義者だったため 1950年代にはアメリカ合衆国政府から危険人物とみなされ,また,1973年のピノチェト・ウガルテ軍事政権発足後は祖国チリでも歓迎されなかった。1956年にパリの国際連合教育科学文化機関 UNESCO本部の壁画『三つの世界の疑念』を制作。1957年にニューヨーク近代美術館 MOMA,1985年にパリのジョルジュ・ポンピドー国立芸術文化センターで回顧展を開いた。

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