One of the four gospels in the New Testament. Along with the gospels of Mark and Luke, it is known as one of the synoptic gospels. It contains Jesus' genealogy, the circumstances of his birth, his baptism by John the Baptist, his missionary work, his death on the cross, and his resurrection, as well as many of Jesus' words and sermons, including the Sermon on the Mount. Compared to the other gospels, it is highly systematic, emphasizing the relationship with the Old Testament and placing importance on religious thinking. Jesus' birth is said to be "the fulfillment of what the Lord spoke by the prophets" (1:22), and regarding the Jewish law, Jesus "came not to abolish the law, but to fulfill it" (5:17). The author has traditionally been thought to be the apostle Matthew, but since it is based on many traditions, it is thought to have been written later, and was rather a Jew who converted to Christianity due to the references to the Old Testament, and was written for Jews who had converted to Christianity. It was probably written in Greek between 65 and 100, but probably after 70, and is believed to have been based on the Gospel of Mark. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
新約聖書4福音書の一つ。マルコ,ルカの福音書とともに共観福音書と呼ばれる。内容はイエスの系図,その生誕のいきさつ,バプテスマのヨハネによる受洗,宣教活動,十字架上の死,そして復活についての記述のほか,山上の説教をはじめイエスの多くの言葉と説教を含むが,他の福音書に比してきわめて組織的であり,特に旧約との関係を強調し,教団的思考を重視している。イエスの生誕は「主が預言者によっていわれたことの成就」 (1・22) とされ,ユダヤの律法に関してはイエスは「律法を廃するためにではなく成就するためにきた」 (5・17) といわれている。著者は伝統的に使徒マタイとされてきたが,多くの伝承を素材としているところから,よりのちの作であり,むしろ旧約への言及によってキリスト教徒に改宗したユダヤ教徒であり,キリスト教に改宗したユダヤ人を対象としてこの書を著わしたものと考えられる。 65年から 100年の間,おそらく 70年以後にギリシア語で書かれ,『マルコによる福音書』に依拠したとする説が有力である。
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