Annular balance type pressure gauge

Japanese: 環状天びん型圧力計 - かんじょうてんびんがたあつりょくけい
Annular balance type pressure gauge

...an instrument for measuring the pressure of a gas or liquid. Historically, measuring pressure began with the scientific recognition of atmospheric pressure. This was the vacuum experiment conducted by E. Torricelli in 1643. This experiment proved that it was the atmospheric pressure that balanced the weight of the mercury column in the glass tube, but Torricelli and B. Pascal had already observed at that time that atmospheric pressure fluctuates and that the air pressure is lower at the top of a mountain. This vacuum experiment led to the invention of the mercury barometer, and its measurement principle is still widely used today as a liquid column manometer.

*Some of the terminology used in reference to "annular balance type pressure gauge" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…気体または液体の圧力を測定する計器。圧力を測ることは,歴史的には大気圧の科学的認識から始まった。1643年に行われたトリチェリE.Torricelliの真空実験である。この実験により,ガラス管内の水銀柱の重量とつり合っているのは大気の圧力であることが立証されたのであるが,当時すでにトリチェリやB.パスカルによって,大気圧が変動することや山の頂上では気圧が低くなることが観測された。この真空実験は水銀気圧計の発明であり,その測定原理は液柱型圧力計として今もなお広く用いられている。…

※「環状天びん型圧力計」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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