Paper made from hemp fibers. Making paper using hemp or raw hemp fibers is the oldest method, but at that time, both hemp (cannabis) and hemp (ramie) were used without distinction. During the Asuka period, types of hemp paper called white hemp paper, yellow hemp paper, and green hemp paper were imported from China, but during the Nara period, hemp paper was also made in Japan, and hemp paper from that time is still preserved in the Shosoin Repository. Also, in the papermaking regulations of the Library Bureau Kamiyain, which can be found in the Engishiki, the daily production volume of hemp paper is about ten sheets less than the number of sheets of paper mulberry paper and hishi paper, which shows that it was more work-intensive. The same calligraphy regulations state that the number of characters to be written on hemp paper is 100 characters less per day throughout the year than on paper such as mulberry paper. As such, hemp paper was inefficient and inconvenient to use and produce, so it fell out of use completely in the middle of the Heian period. However, in special cases it is sometimes made into colored paper or paper for painting and writing, and even today it is made in response to demand in Imadate, Fukui Prefecture, and Kurotani, Kyoto Prefecture. [Machida Masayuki] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アサの繊維を原料とした紙。麻布や生(なま)のアサ繊維を使って紙を漉(す)くことは、もっとも古くから行われていた方法であるが、そのころのアサはタイマ(大麻)やマオ(苧麻)が区別されることもなく用いられていた。飛鳥(あすか)時代には唐から白(はく)麻紙、黄(おう)麻紙、緑(みどり)麻紙などとよばれる種類が輸入されたが、奈良時代にはわが国でも抄造され、当時の麻紙類が正倉院に現存している。また『延喜式(えんぎしき)』にみられる図書寮紙屋院(ずしょのりょうしおくいん)の抄紙規定では、楮紙(こうぞがみ)や斐紙(ひし)の抄造数に比べて麻紙の1日の責任量が十数枚少なくされていることから、それだけ手数を要したことがわかる。また同じく書写の規定では、麻紙に筆記する字数を楮紙などよりも年間を通して1日量につき100字少なくしている。このように麻紙は抄造においても使用上においても能率が悪くて不便なため、平安時代なかばにはまったく使用されなくなった。しかし、特別な場合には色紙や書画紙として漉かれることもあり、現代でも求めに応じ、福井県今立(いまだて)や京都府黒谷などで漉いている。 [町田誠之] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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