A city in the Chelyabinsk Oblast in the western part of the Russian Federation. It is a heavy industrial city established in the Ural region after the Russian Revolution. It has a population of 428,100 (1999). It is located on the eastern foot of the southern Ural Mountains, on the bank of the Ural River. It was established as part of the Soviet Union's eastern development policy, and began with the construction of a steelworks in 1929 using magnetite from the local Magnitnaya Mountain as raw material. It subsequently grew into a large city with the expansion of the steel industry and the development of the construction materials (cement, glass) industry. It is still one of the main steel-producing areas in Russia today, but as local ore is running out, it imports iron ore from Kazakhstan. It also uses Karaganda coal as coking coal. It has a mining university, a metallurgical university, a pedagogical university, and an airport. [Taizo Nakamura] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ロシア連邦西部、チェリャビンスク州の都市。ウラル地方にロシア革命後つくられた重工業都市である。人口42万8100(1999)。ウラル山脈南部東麓(とうろく)、ウラル川の岸辺に位置する。ソ連の東部開発政策により誕生し、1929年より地元のマグニトナヤ山の磁鉄鉱を原料とする製鉄工場が建設されたのが始まりで、その後、鉄鋼業の拡大と建設資材(セメント、ガラス)工業の発展により大都市に成長した。今日もロシアの主要な鉄鋼生産地の一つであるが、地元の鉱石がなくなってきたので、カザフスタンの鉄鉱石を輸入している。また、原料炭はカラガンダ炭を使用している。鉱業大学、冶金(やきん)大学、教育大学が置かれ、空港もある。 [中村泰三] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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