Books of Maccabees

Japanese: マカベア書 - マカベアしょ(英語表記)Books of Maccabees
Books of Maccabees
Names of the Apocrypha and Pseudo-Scriptures of the Old Testament. The following four books are generally known: (1) First Maccabees: Only the Greek translation has been handed down. It tells the history of Judea from the accession of Syrian King Antiochus IV Epiphanes to the death of Simon of the Maccabees, who achieved independence from Syria. (2) Second Maccabees: A summary of a five-volume history book by Jason of Cyrene. It is written in Greek and tells the history of Judea from about 176 to 161 BC, but has a stronger religious flavor than the first book. The above books (1) and (2) are Apocrypha of the Old Testament, and the Council of Trent made these two books canonical. It is included in the Vulgate. (3) Third Maccabees: A story about the oppression of the Jews in Egypt by Ptolemy IV. It is included in the Septuagint. (4) The Fourth Maccabees: This book is essentially different from the other Maccabees in that it has a strong philosophical flavor and teaches the Stoic theme that “godly reason has dominion over the passions.” The above books (3) and (4) are apocrypha of the Old Testament.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
旧約聖書外典と偽典の名称。通常次の4書が知られている。 (1) 『第1マカベア書』 ギリシア語訳のみ伝えられる。シリア王アンチオコス4世エピファネスの即位より,シリアからの独立をなしとげたマカベア家のシモンの死までのユダヤの歴史を述べたもの。 (2) 『第2マカベア書』 キュレネのヤソンによる5巻の歴史書の要約。ギリシア語による前 176頃~161年頃のユダヤの歴史であるが,第1書に比して宗教的色彩が強い。以上 (1) ,(2) 書は旧約外典であり,トリエント公会議はこの2書を正典とした。ウルガタ訳聖書に含まれている。 (3) 『第3マカベア書』 プトレマイオス4世によるエジプトのユダヤ人圧迫を題材とした物語。セプトゥアギンタに含まれる。 (4) 『第4マカベア書』 ほかのマカベア書とは本質的に趣を異にする哲学的色彩の強いもので,「敬虔な理性は情欲を支配する」というストア派の主題を説いている。以上 (3) ,(4) 書は旧約偽典。

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