Brazilwood (English spelling)

Japanese: ブラジルボク(英語表記)brazilwood
Brazilwood (English spelling)
A tall tree of the legume family native to the forests of the eastern coast of Brazil. Its wood is called brazilwood or Pernambuco wood, and contains a red pigment called brazilin (C 16 H 12 O 5 ). The tree grows to a height of 30 m and a trunk diameter of 1 m. The trunk has thorns. The leaves are bipinnate and compound, consisting of 5 to 9 pairs of 2 cm long leaflets. The flowers are yellow and bloom in racemes, producing pods about 7.5 cm long. Originally, the wood of the closely related species, Sappan, native to India and Malaysia, was called Brasile and used as a dye, but after this species was discovered in South America by the Portuguese in 1540, it came to be called Brazilwood, and the area where it grows came to be called Brazil.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
ブラジル東部海岸森林地帯原産のマメ科の高木。材をブラジル木あるいはペルナンブコ木Pernambuco woodといい,ブラジリンbrazilin(C16H12O5)という赤色の色素を含む。樹は高さ30m,幹の直径1mになる。幹にはとげがある。葉は長さ2cmの小葉5~9対からなる2回羽状複葉。花は黄色で総状花序をなして咲き,長さ7.5cmほどの莢(さや)ができる。もともとはインド,マレーシア原産の近縁種スオウの材をブラジルBrasileと呼んで染料に用いたが,1540年にポルトガル人により南アメリカで本種が発見されてからは,本種がブラジルボクと呼ばれるようになり,本種の生えている地方をブラジルと呼ぶようになった。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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