Born: October 5, 1781 in Prague [Died] December 18, 1848. Prague Austrian philosopher, logician, and mathematician. He studied Catholic theology and mathematics, and in 1805 became a priest and professor of religious philosophy at the University of Prague. In 1819, he was expelled from the university on suspicion of heresy. He opposed Immanuel Kant and German idealism, and sought his starting point in Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. He made a clear distinction between mental processes and logical content, and advocated a non-historical logic. He was a founder of the German-Austrian school, and influenced Edmund Husserl. He was also a pioneer of set theory, and influenced Georg Cantor. His major works include Athanasia or The Grund für die Unsterblichkeit der Seele (1827), Discourse on the Sciences (4 volumes, 1834), and Paradoxien des Unendlichen (1851). Bolzano |
[生]1781.10.5. プラハ [没]1848.12.18. プラハ オーストリアの哲学者,論理学者,数学者。カトリック神学と数学を学び,1805年司祭,プラハ大学宗教哲学教授。1819年異端の疑いで大学を追われた。イマヌエル・カントおよびドイツ観念論に反対し,ゴットフリート・ウィルヘルム・ライプニッツに出発点を求めた。心的過程と論理的内容とを峻別し,非歴史的論理学を提唱。ドイツ=オーストリア学派の形成者となり,エトムント・フッサールに影響を与えた。また集合論の先駆者として,ゲオルク・カントルに影響を与えた。主著『アタナシア』Athanasia oder Gründe für die Unsterblichkeit der Seele(1827),『学問論』Wissenschaftslehre(4巻,1834),『無限の逆説』Paradoxien des Unendlichen(1851)。 ボルツァーノ
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