Bolzano, Bernhard

Japanese: ボルツァーノ(英語表記)Bolzano, Bernhard
Bolzano, Bernhard
Born: October 5, 1781 in Prague
[Died] December 18, 1848. Prague Austrian philosopher, logician, and mathematician. He studied Catholic theology and mathematics, and in 1805 became a priest and professor of religious philosophy at the University of Prague. In 1819, he was expelled from the university on suspicion of heresy. He opposed Immanuel Kant and German idealism, and sought his starting point in Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. He made a clear distinction between mental processes and logical content, and advocated a non-historical logic. He was a founder of the German-Austrian school, and influenced Edmund Husserl. He was also a pioneer of set theory, and influenced Georg Cantor. His major works include Athanasia or The Grund für die Unsterblichkeit der Seele (1827), Discourse on the Sciences (4 volumes, 1834), and Paradoxien des Unendlichen (1851).

Bolzano
Bolzano

Bozen in German. Capital of the Province of Bolzano-Bozen in the Trentino-Alto Adige Region in northern Italy. Located about 145 km northwest of Venice, it occupies the upper reaches of the Adige River, which cuts through the Alps, at the confluence of two tributaries. It is an important location for road and rail transport over the Brenner Pass, and is close to Austria, so there are many German-speaking residents. In the 7th and 8th centuries, it was ruled by the Counts of Bavaria, and although the rulers changed afterwards, most of it remained on the Austrian side. In 1919, it became part of Italy. It is a base for exploring the Dolomiti Mountains. Industries include aluminum smelting, paper, steel, textiles, and alcohol brewing. There is a Gothic cathedral (14th-15th century) with a 65m-high bell tower. Population: 98,233 (1991 estimate).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1781.10.5. プラハ
[没]1848.12.18. プラハ
オーストリアの哲学者,論理学者,数学者。カトリック神学と数学を学び,1805年司祭,プラハ大学宗教哲学教授。1819年異端の疑いで大学を追われた。イマヌエル・カントおよびドイツ観念論に反対し,ゴットフリート・ウィルヘルム・ライプニッツに出発点を求めた。心的過程と論理的内容とを峻別し,非歴史的論理学を提唱。ドイツ=オーストリア学派の形成者となり,エトムント・フッサールに影響を与えた。また集合論の先駆者として,ゲオルク・カントルに影響を与えた。主著『アタナシア』Athanasia oder Gründe für die Unsterblichkeit der Seele(1827),『学問論』Wissenschaftslehre(4巻,1834),『無限の逆説』Paradoxien des Unendlichen(1851)。

ボルツァーノ
Bolzano

ドイツ語ではボーツェン Bozen。イタリア北部,トレンティノアルトアディジェ州ボルツァーノボーツェン県の県都。ベネチア北西約 145km,アルプスを刻むアディジェ川の上流部で,2つの支流が合する地点を占める。ブレンナー峠越えの道路,鉄道交通の要地にあたり,オーストリアに近くドイツ語系住民が多い。7~8世紀にバイエルン伯に支配され,そののちも支配者が交代したが,大部分はオーストリア側に属した。 1919年イタリア領。ドロミティ山脈への探勝基地。産業はアルミニウム精錬のほか製紙,製鋼,繊維,酒造の諸工業。高さ 65mの鐘楼をもつゴシック様式の大聖堂 (14~15世紀) などがある。人口9万 8233 (1991推計) 。

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