An ancient Egyptian male god in the form of a hawk. Horus is the Greek name, and the original word Heru (or Har) means "one who is far away," and he was widely revered as a sky god and sun god. In the "Osiris Myth" by Plutarch, Horus was the son of Osiris and his wife and sister Isis, and after his father Osiris was killed by his brother Set, Horus later defeated his enemy and became king of Upper and Lower Egypt. This myth is also conveyed in a papyrus document called "The Contest of Horus and Set," and was a well-known theme among Egyptians. Horus is often depicted as an infant held by his mother Isis with her finger in her mouth, and he was called Harpocrates (also a Greek name, originally Heru-pa-Herud, "Infant Horus"). The two eyes of this hawk-like god were also considered to be the sun and the moon, so a belief in Udjat (the Eye of Horus) arose, and Udjat-shaped amulets were often used. [Yajima Fumio] Late Period (664 BC - 332 BC or earlier) Bronze and other materials Height: 17.6 cm Collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art Horus Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
鷹(たか)の姿をした古代エジプトの男神。ホルスはギリシア名で、原語ヘル(またはハル)は「遠くにあるもの」を意味し、天空神・太陽神として広く尊崇された。プルタルコスの伝える「オシリス神話」では、ホルスはオシリスとその妻で妹のイシスの子であり、父オシリスがその弟セトにより殺されたので、のちにその敵(かたき)を討ち、上下エジプトの王となったという。この神話は「ホルスとセトの争い」というパピルス文書でも伝えられており、エジプト人によく知られていたテーマであった。ホルスはしばしば母イシスに抱かれ指をくわえている幼児として表され、ハルポクラテス(これもギリシア名で、原語はヘル・パ・ヘルド「幼児のホルス」)とよばれた。また鷹の姿のこの神の二つの目は太陽および月とみなされたので、ウジャット(ホルスの目)への信仰が生じ、ウジャット形の護符がよく用いられた。 [矢島文夫] 末期王朝時代(紀元前664~前332年またはそれ以前) 青銅ほか 高さ17.6cmメトロポリタン美術館所蔵"> ホルス 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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