A general term for polymers with an ether bond - C-O-C - in the main chain. A typical example is polyoxymethylene (with a polyacetal structure) produced by the polymerization of formaldehyde. Other examples include chlorinated polyethers (Penton, a trade name of Hercules Powder Company in the United States) and glycol polycondensates such as polyethylene glycol (polyethylene oxide) and polypropylene glycol. Polyethers containing aromatic groups are also known, such as polyphenylene oxide (phenoxy resin abbreviated as PPO) and polysulfone obtained from bisphenol A and diphenyl sulfone. Penton has a low melt viscosity and is easy to mold, and has other excellent physical properties, especially chemical resistance. Polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol are easily soluble in water and have high viscosity, so they are used as textile sizing agents, cosmetics, toothpaste, and ointment bases. PPO has a good heat distortion temperature of 170°C and is a representative heat-resistant plastic. [Hiroshi Kakiuchi] [Reference item] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
エーテル結合‐C‐O‐C‐を主鎖にもつ重合体の総称である。代表的なものにホルムアルデヒドの重合により生成するポリオキシメチレン(ポリアセタール構造をもつ)がある。そのほかに塩素化ポリエーテル(ペントンPenton、アメリカのハーキュラス・パウダー社の商品名)や、ポリエチレングリコール(ポリエチレンオキシド)やポリプロピレングリコールなどのようなグリコールの重縮合物がある。また、芳香族を含むポリエーテルも知られており、たとえば、ポリフェニレンオキシド(PPOと略称されるフェノキシ樹脂)や、ビスフェノールAとジフェニルスルホンから得られるポリスルホンなどがある。 ペントンは溶融粘度が小さく成形が容易であり、そのほかの物性も優れ、とくに耐薬品性に富んでいる。ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコールは水に溶けやすく、しかも粘度が高いので、織物の糊(のり)付け剤、化粧品、練り歯みがき、軟膏(なんこう)基剤として用いられる。PPOは熱変形温度が170℃とよく、耐熱性プラスチックの代表的なものである。 [垣内 弘] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
>>: Polyethylene terephthalate
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