Homeroom - Homeroom (English)

Japanese: ホームルーム - ほーむるーむ(英語表記)homeroom
Homeroom - Homeroom (English)

In high schools, this refers to the daily living activities and guidance carried out by a group of around 40 students organized by the school. In the curriculum, this is considered an extracurricular activity, i.e., a special activity, and usually one unit of time is set aside for this purpose per week, but many schools also hold a homeroom for about 10 minutes each day at the beginning and end of class. It can also refer to a classroom that is permanently assigned to this type of student group.

[Jiro Inoue]

Personality and current situation

The homeroom system originally began in American secondary schools, where smaller student groups than classes were set up and used as a basis for student activities and instruction in a home-like atmosphere. It was introduced in Japan when the current school system was launched in 1947 (Showa 22).

Therefore, schools have been characterized as a place where students live their basic lives, but in the case of high schools in Japan, as a result of the underdevelopment of the credit system, the unit group for learning, that is, the class, has essentially become the place where students live their basic lives, and there is a dominant tendency to think of the class as the homeroom. In junior high schools that did not introduce the credit system from the beginning, the name "homeroom" has been abolished since 1983.

[Jiro Inoue]

Content and organization

In the homeroom, the homeroom teacher is the main leader, and various autonomous activities are carried out on an ongoing basis to enrich the students' communal life, as well as instruction on how to live as individuals and as members of a group, academic guidance, career guidance, etc. The teacher also handles school administrative tasks such as attendance checks, various announcements, and contacting families. In order to carry out and develop these activities effectively, homerooms generally have an organization with a division of roles, such as various officers and staff members.

[Jiro Inoue]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

高等学校において、学校が編制する40名前後の生徒集団によって行われる日常的な生活活動およびその指導。教育課程上は教科外活動、すなわち特別活動として位置づけられ、通常、そのために週当り一単位時間があてられるが、多くの学校が、そのほかにも、毎日、始業時およびその日の授業の終わりに、10分程度のホームルームを実施している。また、この種の生徒集団に固定的に割り当てられた教室をさす場合もある。

[井上治郎]

性格と現状

ホームルームの制度は、もともとはアメリカの中等学校に始まったものであり、そこでは、学級よりも相対的に小さい生徒集団を設けて、家庭的な雰囲気のもとで、生徒の活動やその指導を行う基盤とされていたものが、1947年(昭和22)の現行の学校制度の発足の時点で、日本にも取り入れられたものである。

 したがって、学校における生徒の基礎的な生活の場というのが、その一貫した性格づけになっているが、わが国の高等学校の場合には、単位制が未発達の結果、学習のための単位集団、すなわち学級が、実質的にはそのまま基礎的な生活の場となり、学級即ホームルームと考える傾向が支配的である。最初から単位制を導入しなかった中学校にあっては、この名称そのものも、58年以降は廃止されている。

[井上治郎]

内容と組織

ホームルームにおいては、ホームルーム担任の教師が主たる指導者となって、生徒たちの共同生活を充実させるためのさまざまな自治的活動や、個人および集団の一員としての生き方に関する指導、学業指導、進路指導などが継続的に行われることになっている。また、出席点検、各種の伝達、家庭への連絡などの、学校の事務的な仕事も処理される。これらを効果的に実施、展開するために、ホームルームには、各種の役員や係などの役割分担組織が一般に設けられている。

[井上治郎]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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