…In this system, the axons of output neurons (autonomic nerve origin neurons) from the central nervous system do not directly connect to effector organs such as smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or glands. In other words, at least one other autonomic nerve neuron is interposed between the central nervous system and the effector organs, and such a collection of autonomic nerve neurons is called an autonomic ganglion. Autonomic nerve origin neurons with cell bodies in the central nervous system are called preganglionic neurons, and their axons are called preganglionic fibers. Neurons with cell bodies in autonomic ganglia are called postganglionic neurons, and their axons are called postganglionic fibers. … From [Ganglion]…However, the term ganglion is sometimes used conventionally to refer to a collection of nerve cell bodies in the central nervous system (for example, basal ganglia). In the true sense of the word ganglion, that is, a collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system, a distinction is made between sensory ganglions and autonomic ganglions, depending on the properties of the nerve cells that are collected. Ganglion cells in sensory ganglia have a characteristic shape. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "autonomic ganglion" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…この系では中枢神経系からの出力ニューロン(自律神経起始ニューロン)の軸索が,平滑筋,心筋,腺などの効果器に直接に連絡することはない。すなわち,中枢神経系と効果器の間には少なくとももう一つ別の自律神経ニューロンが介在し,このような自律神経ニューロンの集合を自律神経節autonomic ganglionという。中枢神経系内に細胞体をもつ自律神経起始ニューロンのことを節前ニューロンpreganglionic neuron,その軸索を節前繊維preganglionic fiberと呼び,自律神経節に細胞体をもつニューロンのことを節後ニューロンpostganglionic neuron,その軸索を節後繊維postganglionic fiberと呼ぶ。… 【神経節】より…しかし,中枢神経内の神経細胞体の集合に対しても慣用的に〈節〉が用いられている場合がある(たとえば基底神経節basal ganglia)。本来の意味での神経節,すなわち末梢神経系における神経細胞体の集合には,集合している神経細胞の性質の違いによって,感覚神経節sensory ganglionと自律神経節autonomic ganglionが区別される。感覚神経節の神経節細胞は特徴的な形をしている。… ※「autonomic ganglion」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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