Cytomegalovirus (CMV) belongs to the Herpes family and, together with the rubella virus, is a typical virus that causes birth defects when transmitted from the mother to the fetus. Once infected, this virus remains dormant in the body for the rest of one's life and can reactivate under certain conditions. The virus is prone to reactivation in patients receiving strong immunosuppressive therapy for organ transplants or in immunocompromised states such as malignant tumors. A variety of infectious disease symptoms can be seen, including massive transfusion syndrome, in which fever, splenomegaly, liver dysfunction, and the appearance of atypical lymphocytes occur within 3 to 5 weeks after transfusion, and CMV mononucleosis, in which high fever continues for 2 to 5 weeks, accompanied by headache, cough, and muscle pain, and in which an increase in atypical lymphocytes and liver dysfunction are observed. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
サイトメガロウイルス(CMVと略記)はヘルペス科に属し,風疹ウイルスとともに,胎児が母親から感染すると奇形を生ずる代表的なウイルスである。このウイルスによる感染は,一度感染すると生体内に生涯にわたって潜伏し,条件によって再び活性化するのが特徴である。臓器移植に際して強力な免疫抑制療法を受けているときや悪性腫瘍のように免疫不全状態のときなどにウイルスが再活性化しやすい。輸血後3~5週の間に発熱,脾臓腫大,肝機能障害,異型リンパ球の出現などが起こる大量輸血後症候群,高熱が2~5週間続き,頭痛,咳,筋肉痛を伴い,異型リンパ球の増多と肝機能障害がみられるCMV単核症など,多彩な感染病像を示す。
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