Nikolay Nikolaevich Bogolyubov

Japanese: ボゴリューボフ - ぼごりゅーぼふ(英語表記)Николай Николаевич Боголюбов/Nikolay Nikolaevich Bogolyubov
Nikolay Nikolaevich Bogolyubov

Russian theoretical physicist. Born in Nizhniy Novgorod. In 1923, he joined the seminar of NM Krïlov (1879-1955) and began researching nonlinear oscillations, writing his first paper at the age of 15. He entered graduate school directly from middle school, graduating in 1928 and receiving his doctorate in mathematics in 1930. He first studied the calculus of variations and almost periodic functions, and developed asymptotic methods for nonlinear mechanics. Since 1940, he has made important contributions in the fields of statistical physics and quantum field theory, including the BBGKY equation (Bogolyubov-Born-Green-Kirkwood-Yvon equation) for non-equilibrium many-body distribution functions in 1946, the theory of boson systems related to superfluidity in 1947, magnetism of metals in 1949, the variational equations of quantum field theory in 1952, problems in quantum field theory in 1955, the theory of superconductivity in 1957, the formulation of renormalization theory in the late 1950s, and the Green's function theory of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics in 1963. All of his works are notable for their original perspectives and the introduction of new methods, and his contributions are enormous. He served as professor at Moscow and Kiev universities (1936-1950) and director of the United Institute for Nuclear Research.

[Tokiwano Kazuo]

[References] | Renormalization theory | Green | Superconductivity | Superfluidity | Field | Bose

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ロシアの理論物理学者。ニジニー・ノブゴロドに生まれる。1923年クルィロフН.М.Крылов/N. M. Krïlov(1879―1955)のセミナーに入って非線形振動の研究を始め、15歳で最初の論文を書いた。中学から直接大学院に入学し、1928年卒業、1930年数学博士の学位を得た。初め変分法、概周期関数の研究を行い、非線形力学の漸近的方法を展開した。1940年以後は統計物理学や場の量子論の分野で重要な業績をあげており、1946年非平衡の多体分布関数に関するBBGKY方程式(Bogolyubov‐Born‐Green‐Kirkwood‐Yvon equation)、1947年超流動にかかわるボース粒子系の理論、1949年金属の磁性、1952年場の量子論の変分方程式、1955年場の量子論の諸問題、1957年超伝導の理論、1950年代後半のくりこみ理論の定式化、1963年非平衡統計力学のグリーン関数理論などが著名である。彼の仕事はいずれもその独創的観点と新方法の導入において際だっており、その寄与はきわめて大きい。モスクワ、キエフ両大学教授(1936~1950)、合同原子核研究所所長などを歴任した。

[常盤野和男]

[参照項目] | くりこみ理論 | グリーン | 超伝導 | 超流動 | | ボース

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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